A 10-g scale one-pot synthesis via a combination of (S)-P-phosphoramidation and protecting group removal followed by one-step recrystallization gave remdesivir in 70% yield and 99.3/0.7 d.r. The organocatalyst was recovered in 83% yield for reuse, and similar results were obtained. This one-pot process offers an excellent opportunity for industrial production of remdesivir.The speculated presence of monomolecular lamellae of antagonistic salts in oil-water mixtures has left several open questions besides their hypothetical existence, including their microscopic structure and stabilization mechanism. Here, we simulate the spontaneous formation of supramolecular aggregates of the antagonistic salt sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh4) in water and 3-methylpyridine (3-MP) at the atomistic level. We show that, indeed, the lamellae are formed by a monomolecular layer of the anion, enveloped by 3-MP and hydrated sodium counterions. To understand which thermodynamic forces drive the aggregation, we compare the full-atomistic model with a simplified one for the salt and show that the strong hydrophobic effect granted by the large excluded volume of the anion, together with electrostatic repulsion, suffice to explain the stability of the monomolecular lamellae.To solve the damage to the environment and human body caused by organic solvent adhesives in the utilization process, chitin nanocrystal (ChNC) suspension is explored as a strong anisotropic adhesive, which is an eco-friendly and water-based adhesive with high adhesive strength. ChNCs extracted from crab shells are rod-like nanoparticles with high aspect ratios, which are mainly employed as reinforcing polymer nanocomposites and biomedicine nanomaterials. ChNC suspension sandwiched between substrates forms a long-range ordered superstructure by a self-assembly process.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cetuximab.html  ChNC nanoglue exhibits high anisotropy adhesion strength, i.e., an in-plane shear strength (5.26 MPa) and an out-of-plane shear strength (0.46 MPa) for glass substrates. Moreover, the ChNC nanoglue is suitable to many substrates, such as glass, plastic, wood, metal, paper, etc. The ChNC nanoglue shows high biocompatibility toward the fibroblast cell and rat skin, proving their excellent biosafety. As an eco-friendly and high-performance adhesive, ChNC nanoglue shows promising applications in daily life and industrial fields.
  The aim of this study was to assess our experience with a new commercially available venous stent as an extension below the inguinal ligament in patients with iliofemoral venous outflow obstruction involving the common femoral vein.
 
  We treated 16 patients with iliofemoral venous outflow occlusion and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) (mean age 52.5±20.2; female 87.5%) with the Blueflow Venous Stent (plusmedica GmbH & Co. KG, Düsseldorf, Germany) between 2019 and 2020. All patients had unilateral venous disease with >50% stenosis in the iliofemoral veins. The primary endpoints assessed were technical success, primary and secondary patency rate at 1 year of follow-up, respectively. Clinical improvement was assessed with the Villalta Scale, revised venous clinical severity score (rVCSS) classification and visual analog-scale (VAS) respectively.
 
  The technical success rate was 100%. No intraoperative and 30-days postoperative complications were documented. The primary and secondary patency rates were 80.d.
  The venoactive drug treatment regimen for pelvic venous disorders (PeVDs) is not finally established. The study aimed at assessing the efficacy of micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) in a standard or double dose in the pelvic venous pain (PVP) relief in PeVD.
 
  We analyzed the treatment efficacy in 125 female patients with PeVD, who were allocated to two groups with MPFF treatment in a regular dose of 1000 mg once daily (OD) for 2 months (N.=65; group 1) or double dose of 1000 mg twice daily for 1 month and then 1000 mg OD for 1 month (N.=60; group 2). Patients underwent clinical examination along with an assessment of the PVP severity using the visual analogue scale (VAS) ranged from 0 to 10 scores, transvaginal and transabdominal duplex ultrasound scanning (DUS), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the pelvic veins with in vivo-labelled red blood cells (RBCs). The groups were different at baseline in the PVP severity (3.4±1.2 vs. 7.3±0.5 scores in groups 1 and 2, accordingllief in female patients with PeVD. The use of double dose in the 1
  month seems to be appropriate in patients with greater PVP severity but is associated with an increased rate of side effects.
 The venoactive drug therapy with MPFF is an effective and safe option for the PVP relief in female patients with PeVD. The use of double dose in the 1st month seems to be appropriate in patients with greater PVP severity but is associated with an increased rate of side effects.The pharmaceutical industry is attempting to discover thin films as a new drug delivery system. Thin films have been described as an alternative approach to conventional dosage forms. They are a versatile platform that provides fast, local, or systemic effects. Additionally, these systems can be easily applied by themselves, especially for dysphagia patients, geriatric, pediatric, or bedridden patients, as well as patients who cannot easily access water. These drug delivery systems can be administered in various ways such as orally, buccally, sublingually, ocularly, and transdermally. This review examines oral thin films in all aspects from today's point of view and gives an idea about the growing market share in the world due to the increase in research fields and technological developments. At the same time, it provides an overview of the critical parameters associated with formulation design that affect of thin films, including the design of thin films, anatomical and physiological limitations, the selection of appropriate manufacturing processes, characterization techniques, and the physicochemical properties of polymers and drugs. It also provides insight into the latest thin-film products developed by various pharmaceutical companies.