Advanced age and higher CTX and P1NP were associated with higher cortical bone loss.
 
  Vitamin D deficiency does not affect the early architectural changes after a DRF. Advanced age and higher bone remodeling were associated with higher cortical bone loss, probably related to immobilization and independent of vitamin D levels.
 Vitamin D deficiency does not affect the early architectural changes after a DRF. Advanced age and higher bone remodeling were associated with higher cortical bone loss, probably related to immobilization and independent of vitamin D levels.
  Menstrual cycle (MC) can affect not only the female reproductive system, but also functions such as neuromuscular performance. For this reason, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity in MC on proprioception, balance and reaction times.
 
  For cortisol analysis, saliva samples were taken from the same women (n=43) in the four phases of MC. While State Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I) was applied in each phase to support cortisol analysis, pain was measured with visual analogue scale (VAS). Proprioception, dynamic balance, visual and auditory reaction times (VRT-ART) measurements were made in the four phases of MC.
 
  Cortisol, STAI-I and VAS scores, angular deviations in proprioception measurements, dynamic balance scores, VRT and ART measurements were found to show statistically significant difference between MC phases (p<0.05). As a result of the post hoc test conducted to find out which MC phase the statistical difference resulted from, it was found that statistically significant difference was caused by the mensturation (M) phase (p<0.05).
 
  It was found that neuromuscular performance and postural control was negatively affected by HPA axis activity in M phase of MC and by pain, which is a significant menstrual symptom.
 It was found that neuromuscular performance and postural control was negatively affected by HPA axis activity in M phase of MC and by pain, which is a significant menstrual symptom.
  Osteoporosis because of physical inactivity is one of the major complications associated with neuromuscular disorders. The study aimed to compare using Suit therapy and whole-body vibration in addition to selected physical therapy program to improve Bone Mineral Density in children with cerebral palsy of spastic diplegia.
 
  Forty-six patients were classified randomly into two equal groups. Patients in the group (A) engaged in a selected physical therapy program, also besides, suit therapy training program while those in the group (B) received the same selected physical therapy program received by group (A) in addition to the whole-body vibration training program. The treatment programs were conducted three times per week for twelve successive weeks. Measurements obtained included bone mineral density at the lumbar spine as well as at the femoral neck. These measures were recorded pre- and post-treatment.
 
  There was a significant improvement in favor of the whole-body Vibration group. Bone mineral density improved significantly at both the lumbar spine (P=.038) and the femoral neck (P=.005) in the WBV group as compared to the Suit therapy group.
 
  Whole-body vibration is effective in improving Bone Mineral Density rather than Suit therapy in children with cerebral palsy of spastic diplegia.
 Whole-body vibration is effective in improving Bone Mineral Density rather than Suit therapy in children with cerebral palsy of spastic diplegia.
  Whole-body vibration (WBV) is commonly used to improve motor function, balance and functional performance, but its effects on the body are not fully understood. The main objective was to evaluate the morphometric and functional effects of WBV in an experimental nerve regeneration model.
 
  Wistar rats were submitted to unilateral sciatic nerve crush and treated with WBV (4-5 weeks), started at 3 or 10 days after injury. Functional performances were weekly assessed by sciatic functional index, horizontal ladder rung walking and narrow beam tests. Nerve histomorphometry analysis was assessed at the end of the protocol.
 
  Injured groups, sedentary and WBV started at 3 days, had similar functional deficits. WBV, regardless of the start time, did not alter the histomorphometry parameters in the regeneration process.
 
  The earlier therapy did not change the expected and natural recovery after the nerve lesion, but when the WBV starts later it seems to impair function parameter of recovery.
 The earlier therapy did not change the expected and natural recovery after the nerve lesion, but when the WBV starts later it seems to impair function parameter of recovery.
  The purpose of the current study was to firstly examine the effects of different whole-body vibration (WBV) frequencies in the lower-body muscles when applied simultaneously during a bridge exercise. Secondly, determine if there were any sex differences in the lower-body muscles of WBV during the bridge.
 
  Seven females and 7 males completed 2 familiarization and 1 test sessions. In the test session participants were randomized to complete one 30 s bout of a bridge exercise for 3 separate conditions followed by 3-min of rest. The 3 conditions (a) No-WBV (without WBV); (b) WBV-30 (30 Hz, low amplitude); (c) WBV-50 (50 Hz, low amplitude) were performed on a WBV platform. Muscle activity of the biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST), gluteus maximus (Gmax), multifidus muscle (MF) muscles were measured.
 
  Muscle activity was increased with WBV in the BF and ST muscles at WBV-30 and WBV-50 conditions (p<0.05) vs. no-WBV. During No-WBV and WBV-50 conditions, males had a higher biceps femoris activity compared to females for (p<0.05) 45 and 27 %, respectively; however, during all conditions females had a high level of Gmax activity (57%) than males (p<0.05).
 
  Additional vibration at 30 and 50 Hz during the bridge exercise could be a useful method to enhance hamstring muscle activity.
 Additional vibration at 30 and 50 Hz during the bridge exercise could be a useful method to enhance hamstring muscle activity.
  To investigate the effects of non-paralytic dorsiflexion muscle strengthening exercise on functional abilities in chronic hemiplegic patients after stroke.
 
  A total of 21 patients with chronic stroke underwent dorsiflexion muscle strengthening exercise (MST) 5 times a week for 6 weeks (the experimental group, MST to non-paralytic dorsiflexion muscles, n=11; the control group, MST to paralytic dorsiflexion muscles; n=10). Paralytic dorsiflexor muscle activities (DFA) and 10 m walking tests (10MWT) and timed up and go tests (TUG) were measured before and after intervention.
 
  A significant increase in DFA was observed after intervention in the experimental and control groups (p<0.05) (experimental 886.6% for reference voluntary contraction (RVC), control 931.6% for RVC).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pu-h71.html  TUG and 10MWT results showed significant reductions post-intervention in the experimental and control groups (experimental group -5.6 sec, control -4.8 sec; experimental group -3.1 sec, control, -3.9 sec; respectively). No significant intergroup difference was observed between changes in DFA or between changes in TUG and 10MWT results after intervention (p>.