https://www.selleckchem.com/products/a-485.html We examined the transitions of adult dual e-cigarette/cigarette users in the USA in relation to nicotine dependence (ND) symptoms, interest in quitting, and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We used the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study Waves 1 and 3 (2013-2016) in a longitudinal analysis of adults (≥ 18years). Dual past-month users of e-cigarettes/cigarettes were identified from Wave 1 and followed for tobacco use transitions 2years later (Wave 3). Among 1870 adult dual users at Wave 1, 25.7% (95% CI 23.5-28.2) were dual users 2years later, 12.1% (95% CI 10.6-13.7) reported no past-month tobacco use, 7.0% (95% CI 5.6-8.9) e-cigarette mono-use, and 55.2% (95% CI 52.4-58.0) cigarette mono-use. In the regression analysis, greater ND severity was associated with decreasedrelative risk of no past-month tobacco use (RRR 0.29; 95% CI 0.12-0.71). Interest in quitting and CVD factors were not associated with no past-month tobacco or e-cigarette mono-use. Dual users who are nicotine dependent are less likely to transition to cessation. To quit cigarette use, other cessation resources may be necessary to support the needs of cigarette smokers who use e-cigarettes, particularly those at risk of continuing cigarette smoking or those with smoking-related illnesses. Dual users who are nicotine dependent are less likely to transition to cessation. To quit cigarette use, other cessation resources may be necessary to support the needs of cigarette smokers who use e-cigarettes, particularly those at risk of continuing cigarette smoking or those with smoking-related illnesses. To evaluate the incidence, treatment and postoperative outcomes of an acute hiatal hernia (HH) after totally minimally invasive esophagectomy (tMIE) for oesophageal cancer. The incidence and treatment of acute HH were analysed from our prospective database including all patients that were surgically treated for oesophageal cancer in the perio