This study assessed lifestyle-related risk factors for cardiovascular disease in young women with Turner syndrome.
 
  In 2012, we sent a questionnaire to women with Turner syndrome aged ≥18years and living in Switzerland with questions on socio-demographic and medical data as well as health behaviour. We compared the reported lifestyle with that of women from the Swiss Health Survey 2012, a representative survey of the general population.
 
  Fifty-seven per cent (45/79) of women with Turner syndrome answered the questionnaire (mean age 24years). Eighty per cent (36/45) had never smoked compared with 58% (1156/1972) of the general population (p<0.01). Women with Turner syndrome engaged less often in binge drinking (34% vs. 71%) (p<0.001), but consumed alcohol equally often as the general population (p=0.327). They performed sports as often as the general population (p=0.34), but only one quarter (11/45) of women with Turner syndrome adhered to official physical activity recommendations.
 
  Although most women with Turner syndrome had a healthy lifestyle, only a minority had sufficient physical activity. Paediatricians should promote structured physical activity in girls with Turner syndrome from early childhood onwards to reduce their cardiovascular risk in adulthood and to increase long-term health-related quality of life.
 Although most women with Turner syndrome had a healthy lifestyle, only a minority had sufficient physical activity. Paediatricians should promote structured physical activity in girls with Turner syndrome from early childhood onwards to reduce their cardiovascular risk in adulthood and to increase long-term health-related quality of life.Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and stress are common symptoms in cancer patients and represent early side effects of cancer treatment which affect the life quality of the patients. CRF may partly depend on disruption of the circadian rhythm. Locomotor activity and corticosterone rhythms are two important circadian outputs which can be used to analyze possible effects on the circadian function during cancer development and treatment. The present study analyzes the relationship between locomotor activity rhythm, corticosterone levels, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, and radiotherapy treatment in a mouse model. HCC was induced in mice by single injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and chronic treatment of phenobarbital in drinking water. Another group received chronic phenobarbital treatment only. Tumor bearing animals were divided randomly into four groups irradiated at four different Zeitgeber time points. Spontaneous locomotor activity was recorded continuously; serum corticosterone levels and p-ERK immunoreaction in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were investigated. Phenobarbital treated mice showed damped corticosterone levels and a less stable 24 hours activity rhythm as well as an increase in activity during the light phase, reminiscent of sleep disruption. The tumor mice showed an increase in corticosterone level during the inactive phase and decreased activity during the dark phase, reminiscent of CRF. After irradiation, corticosterone levels were further increased and locomotor activity rhythms were disrupted. Lowest corticosterone levels were observed after irradiation during the early light phase; thus, this time might be the best to apply radiotherapy in order to minimize side effects.Anti-CD20 mAb is an effective therapy for most B-cell malignancies. Checkpoint blockade has been used to enhance T-cell-mediated antitumor response. Little is known about the biologic significance of immune checkpoints expressed by NK cells in anti-CD20-based therapy. To investigate the role of checkpoints in anti-CD20-mediated NK cell biology, Raji B-cell lymphoma cells, and PBMCs from normal donors were cocultured with rituximab (RTX), obinutuzumab (OBZ), or trastuzumab as a control mAb for between 20 h and 9 d. RTX and OBZ induced a dose-dependent NK cell up-regulation of T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT) and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM3), but not PD1, CTLA4, or LAG3. Resting CD56dim NK had higher TIGIT and TIM3 expression than resting CD56bright NK although TIGIT and TIM3 were up-regulated on both subsets. NK cells with the CD16 158VV single nucleotide polymorphism had greater TIM3 up-regulation than did NK from VF or FF donors. TIGIT+ and TIM3+ NK cells degranulated, produced cytokines, and expressed activation markers to a greater degree than did TIGIT- or TIM3- NK cells. Blockade of TIGIT, TIM3, or both had little impact on RTX-induced NK cell proliferation, degranulation, cytokine production, or activation. Taken together, TIGIT and TIM3 can serve as markers for anti-CD20-mediated NK cell activation, but may not serve well as targets for enhancing the anti-tumor activity of such therapy.Oxygen-17 and deuterium are two quadrupolar nuclei that are of interest for studying the structure and dynamics of materials by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Here, 17 O and 2 H NMR analyses of crystalline ibuprofen and terephthalic acid are reported.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/U0126.html  First, improved 17 O-labelling protocols of these molecules are described using mechanochemistry. Then, dynamics occurring around the carboxylic groups of ibuprofen are studied considering variable temperature 17 O and 2 H NMR data, as well as computational modelling (including molecular dynamics simulations). More specifically, motions related to the concerted double proton jump and the 180° flip of the H-bonded (-COOH)2 unit in the crystal structure were looked into, and it was found that the merging of the C=O and C-OH 17 O resonances at high temperatures cannot be explained by the sole presence of one of these motions. Lastly, preliminary experiments were performed with a 2 H-17 O diplexer connected to the probe. Such configurations can allow, among others, 2 H and 17 O NMR spectra to be recorded at different temperatures without needing to tune or to change probe configurations. Overall, this work offers a few leads which could be of use in future studies of other materials using 17 O and 2 H NMR.