https://www.selleckchem.com/products/curcumin-analog-compound-c1.html gical navigation, optical imaging, and radiofrequency-aided ablation. IMRT and VMAT have theoretical technical advantages that are in the process of being clinically demonstrated. Pieces of evidence are progressively confirming the physical and radiobiological advantages offered by particle radiotherapy. Systemic therapy is being tested mostly in the neoadjuvant setting with the aim of improving outcomes in locally advanced sinonasal cancers; response to induction chemotherapy could better select a further locoregional approach. Zidovudine (ZDV) has been extensively used in pregnant women to prevent vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but few studies have evaluated potential mutagenic effects of ZDV during fetal development. Our study investigated clonal hematopoiesis in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) newborns, 94 of whom were ZDV-exposed and 91 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-unexposed and matched for potential confounding factors. Utilizing high depth sequencing and genotyping arrays, we comprehensively examined blood samples collected during the first week after birth for potential clonal hematopoiesis (CH) associated with fetal ZDV exposure, including clonal single nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions and deletions (indels), and large structural copy number or copy neutral alterations. We observed no statistically significant difference in the number of SNVs and indels per person in ZDV exposed children (adjusted ratio (95% confidence interval) for expected number of mutations=0.79 [0.50, 1.22], Pā=ā0.3), and no difference in the number of large structural alterations. Mutations in common CH driver genes were not found in the study population. Mutational signature analyses on SNVs detected no novel signatures unique to the ZDV-exposed children and the mutational profiles were similar between the two groups. Our results suggest that CH at levels detectable in our stu