Among the up-regulated transcripts in efficient genotypes, a hypothetical protein OsI_17904 with 2 alternative forms suggested the role of alternative splicing in NUE of rice and a potassium channel SKOR transcript (LOC_Os06g14030) has shown a positive correlation (0.62) with single plant yield under low N in a set of 16 rice genotypes. From the present study, we propose that the efficient genotypes appear to down regulate several not so critical metabolic pathways and divert the thus conserved energy to produce seed/yield under long-term N starvation.
  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02631-5.
 The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02631-5.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to take part in different biological mechanisms, including biotic as well as abiotic cellular stresses. The present investigation was aimed to identify comparative expression profile of differentially expressed miRNAs among Sahiwal (Bos indicus) and Frieswal (Bos indicus × Bos taurus) cattle breeds during summer stress. Stress responses in animals were characterized by recording various physiological parameters, biochemical assays and expression profiling of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) during elevated environmental temperature. Ion Torrent-based deep sequencing as well as CLC-genomic analysis identified 322 and 420 Bos taurus annotated miRNAs among Sahiwal and Frieswal, respectively. A total 69 common miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed during summer among the breeds. Out of the 69, a total 14 differentially expressed miRNAs viz. bta-mir 6536-2, bta-mir-2898, bta-mir-let-7b, bta-mir-425, bta-mir-2332, bta-mir-2478, bta-mir-150, bta-mir142, bta-mir-16a, bta-mir-2311, bta-mir-1839, bta-mir-1248-1, bta-mir-103-2 and bta-mir-181b were randomly selected for qRT-PCR-based validation. bta-mir-2898, bta-mir-6536-1, bta-mir-let-7b, bta-mir-2478, bta-mir-150, bta-mir-16a, bta-mir-2311, bta-mir-1032-b and bta-mir-181-b were significantly (p 
  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02608-4.
 The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02608-4.DNA barcodes are frequently corrupted due to insertion, deletion, and substitution errors during DNA synthesis, amplification and sequencing, resulting in index hopping. In this paper, we propose a new DNA barcode construction scheme that combines a cyclic block code with a predetermined pseudo-random sequence bit by bit to form bit pairs, and then converts the bit pairs to bases, i.e., the DNA barcodes. Then, we present a barcode identification scheme for noisy sequencing reads, which uses a combination of cyclic shifting and traditional dynamic programming to mark the insertion and deletion positions, and then performs erasure-and-error-correction decoding on the corrupted codewords. Furthermore, we verify the identification error rate of barcodes for multiple errors and evaluate the reliability of the barcodes in DNA context. This method can be easily generalized for constructing long barcodes, which may be used in scenarios with serious errors. Simulation results show that the bit error rate after identifying insertions/deletions is greatly reduced using the combination of cyclic shift and dynamic programming compared to using dynamic programming only. It indicates that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy for estimating insertion/deletion errors. And the overall identification error rate of the proposed method is lower than 10 - 5 when the probability of each base mutation is less than 0.1, which is the typical scenario in third-generation sequencing.The aim of this study was to improve the quality of the micropropagated A. angustifolia Haw. plants cultured in temporary immersion bioreactors (TIS) comparing them with those produced through conventional semisolid-solid tissue culture system (SS). The Recipient for Automated Temporary Immersion (RITA®) bioreactor was used as TIS in this work. The effect of different culture conditions, such as explants density, genotype, and duration of the incubation stages, were analyzed. The growth and morphological parameters measured for the in vitro cultured plants were plant height, number of new leaves, number of shoots/explants, growth index (GI), dry mass content, and water content. In all experiments, it was observed that plantlets cultivated in the TIS grew larger than those cultivated in SS. Analyzing all the parameters used in this study, the results showed that RITA bioreactor generates a better shoot production and a better GI when using 20 plantlets per container. The number of shoots increased with time of culture (60 days) in both systems. However, the shoots and plantlets cultivated in TIS grew bigger and showed better quality (did not present necrosis in the leaves) than the ones cultured in SS. This study provides experimental evidence that the application of TIS for micropropagation of A. angustifolia is a viable option for the production of high-quality shoots for reforestation purposes.Male reproductive dysfunction is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus that causes infertility. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of Momordica cymbalaria (M.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Temsirolimus.html  cymbalaria) extracts on diabetes mediated reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. The induction of diabetes was performed using a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg). Skin and seed extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) of M. cymbalaria were orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic male rats for 28 days. Postprandial blood glucose (PBG) levels were recorded at 7-day interval for four weeks. The effects of the treatment on blood glucose, weight of reproductive organs, sperm count, testosterone levels, antioxidant capacity, and histomorphology were evaluated. Treatment with the above extracts of M. cymbalaria significantly (p  less then  0.05) improved the reproductive parameters as well as the antioxidant levels superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) in the diabetic rats.