The deployment of specific coping strategies helped them to remain focused on the positive outlook in life and to deal with the long-term physical and psychosocial consequences of the cancer experience aimed at ultimately leading a normal life.
 
  This study emphasizes the current individual frame of reference of the AYA survivor as the point of departure for psychosocial support. Healthcare professionals are advised to acknowledge and respect the value and function of the AYA survivors' coping strategies used.
 This study emphasizes the current individual frame of reference of the AYA survivor as the point of departure for psychosocial support. Healthcare professionals are advised to acknowledge and respect the value and function of the AYA survivors' coping strategies used.
  To report on two cases with paraneoplastic Acute Exudative Polymorphous Vitelliform Maculopathy (AEPVM) within one month after the initiation of nivolumab.
 
  Case report RESULTS Two patients with metastatic mucosal melanoma were diagnosed with AEPVM within one month after the initiation of the checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab. Both cases showed a neurosensory retinal detachment and subretinal hyperautofluorescent material, which persisted after discontinuation of nivolumab and treatment with local and/or systemic corticosteroids. In one case nivolumab was introduced again in a later stage in combination with surgical reduction of the tumor, eventually leading to resolution of the subretinal lipofuscin rich fluid.
 
  The development of paraneoplastic AEPVM in melanoma patients can be triggered by treatment with nivolumab. However achieving tumor control, which may involve continuation of nivolumab, could be the key to success.
 The development of paraneoplastic AEPVM in melanoma patients can be triggered by treatment with nivolumab. However achieving tumor control, which may involve continuation of nivolumab, could be the key to success.
  The authors describe an original technique for treating multiple subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) bubbles complicating prior surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
 
  To facilitate the induction of macular re-detachment and peripheral displacement of the PFCL bubbles, we performed the subretinal injection of filtered air in addition to balanced salt solution (BSS). In this setting, the action of the PFCL in the vitreous cavity, combined with globe manipulation, allowed bubbles' displacement and full aspiration.
 
  A 57 years old man had a history of repeated PPVs for recalcitrant RRD, the latter leading to multiple subretinal PFCL bubbles retained at the posterior pole.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cpi-0610.html  The described technique was performed 8 weeks after last PPV. A complete flattening of the macular region was obtained with visual improvement.
 
  Direct injection of air into the subretinal space may represent an effective strategy to help the surgical management of multiple retained PFCL bubbles.
 Direct injection of air into the subretinal space may represent an effective strategy to help the surgical management of multiple retained PFCL bubbles.
  Costoclavicular brachial plexus block (CC-BPB) is a relatively new regional anaesthetic technique and there are no data on the minimum effective volume 90 (MEV90) of 0.5% ropivacaine required for an ultrasound-guided CC-BPB.
 
  To determine the MEV90 of 0.5% ropivacaine required to produce surgical anaesthesia with an ultrasound-guided CC-BPB.
 
  Prospective up-down sequential allocation study design.
 
  University teaching hospital in Hong Kong from March 2016 to December 2017.
 
  Forty-eight, ASA physical status I to III patients, aged 70 years or less and scheduled for elective forearm or hand surgery under an ultrasound-guided CC-BPB, were recruited.
 
  Ultrasound-guided CC-BPB was performed with the assigned volume of 0.5% ropivacaine. The Dixon 'up-and-down' sequential allocation method using the biased coin design was used to determine the MEV90 of 0.5% ropivacaine. The assigned volume of ropivacaine was based on the outcome of the previous patient. After a block failure the next patient received a volume015).
 
  ChiCTR-IOR-15007515, Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (www.chictr.org.cn).
 ChiCTR-IOR-15007515, Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (www.chictr.org.cn).
  The success of ventilation with a laryngeal mask depends crucially on the seal between the mask and the periglottic tissue. Increasing the laryngeal mask's cuff volume is known to reduce oral air leakage but may lead to gastric insufflation.
 
  We hypothesised that a lower cuff pressure would result in less gastric insufflation. We sought to compare gastric insufflation with laryngeal mask cuff pressures of 20 cmH2O (CP20) and 60 cmH2O (CP60) during increasing peak airway pressures in a randomised controlled double-blind cross-over study. We also evaluated the incidence of gastric insufflation at the recommended peak airway pressure of 20 cmH2O or less and during both intermittent positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure.
 
  After obtaining ethics approval and written informed consent, 184 patients ventilated via laryngeal mask received a stepwise increase in peak airway pressure from 15 to 30 cmH2O with CP20 and CP60 in turn. Gastric insufflation was determined via real-time ultrasounthe German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00010583) https//www.drks.de.Here, we report the presentation and management of a rare case of sight-threatening bilateral panuveitis with secondary chronic hypotony, subcapsular cataracts, exudative retinal detachments, and choroidal detachments, following initiation of pembrolizumab immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma. An 82-year-old white woman presented with painful, blurry vision 3 days after initiation of pembrolizumab immunotherapy. She had developed a marked panuveitis causing secondary hypotony. The fundal view was entirely limited by acutely dense cataracts and small, uveitic pupils unresponsive to topical dilation. Urgent cataract surgery with intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) was completed successfully and allowed a fundal examination. This revealed bilateral, symmetrical, inferior exudative retinal detachments, and choroidal detachments secondary to chronic hypotony. After 3 months of observation and cessation of oral steroids, the panuveitis remains quiescent, hypotony persists, and the choroidal and retinal detachments are showing progressive self-resolution.