Conclusion Our data suggest that ascites ctDNA can be used to identify the mutational landscape of ovarian cancer for therapeutic strategy planning.Background Nebulised heparin was effectively used for management of many pulmonary diseases. However, its effect on mechanically ventilated patients with acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) has never been studied. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of nebulised heparin and salbutamol to increase ventilator-free days; the number of days the patient is off mechanical ventilation alive, among mechanically ventilated AECOPD patients and nebulised heparin effect on respiratory and coagulation functions. Methods In this double-blind controlled study, sixty adults mechanically ventilated patients with AECOPD were randomly allocated into two equal groups; HS and S. In HSgroup, the patients received nebulised heparin (25000 IU) and salbutamol (5 mg) every 6 h while patients in Sgroup received nebulised salbutamol (5 mg) alone.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Erlotinib-Hydrochloride.html  The treatment was continued while patients remained ventilated for a maximum of 14 days. The primary outcome was duration of ventilator-free days (VFDs)at day 14 from randomisation. The PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, the number of nebulisation cessions withheld and any other complications were also recorded (secondary outcomes). Results Patients in HS group had a significant more VFDs ((4.7 (3.3) compared with those in S group (2.4 (2.6), (P=0.007)). Both groups were comparable as regards all other variables. Conclusions Co-administration of nebulised heparin and salbutamol, compared with salbutamol alone, significantly increased ventilator-free days among the mechanically ventilated AECOPD patients without increasing the bleeding hazards.Over 300 million surgical processes were performed every year worldwide and anesthesiologists play an important role in the perioperative process to assess the overall risk of surgery for the patient. The goal is to improve complications after surgery and one piece in the puzzle of improving outcomes in perioperative patients is certainly perioperative hemodynamic and volume management. There is ongoing discussion about goal directed therapy, however there is consensus that fluid overload and severe fluid depletion in the perioperative period is harmful and leads to unfavorable outcomes. This article should give an overview about how to evaluate the fluid responsiveness of the patients and what parameters could be used and what limitations should be noted.BACKGROUND Development of radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant problem in cancer treatment, contributing to the lack of improvement in survival trends in recent decades. Effective strategies to overcome radioresistance are necessary to improve the therapeutic outcomes of radiotherapy in OSCC patients. METHODS Cells and xenograft tumors were irradiated using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform. AKT inhibitor capivasertib (AZD5363) was encapsulated into cathepsin B-responsible nanoparticles (NPs) for tumor-specific delivery. Cell viability was measured by alamarBlue, cell growth was determined by colony formation and 3D culture, and apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry with the staining of Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) Annexin V and PI. An orthotopic tongue tumor model was used to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic effects. The molecular changes induced by the treatments were assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We show that upregulation of AKT signaling is the critical mechanism for radioresistance in OSCC cells, and AKT inactivation by a selective and potent AKT inhibitor capivasertib results in radiosensitivity. Moreover, relative to irradiation (IR) alone, IR combined with the delivery of capivasertib in association with tumor-seeking NPs greatly enhanced tumor cell repression in 3D cell cultures and OSCC tumor shrinkage in an orthotopic mouse model. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that capivasertib is a potent agent that sensitizes radioresistant OSCC cells to IR and is a promising strategy to overcome failure of radiotherapy in OSCC patients.Ferlins are multiple-C2-domain proteins involved in Ca2+-triggered membrane dynamics within the secretory, endocytic and lysosomal pathways. In bony vertebrates there are six ferlin genes encoding, in humans, dysferlin, otoferlin, myoferlin, Fer1L5 and 6 and the long noncoding RNA Fer1L4. Mutations in DYSF (dysferlin) can cause a range of muscle diseases with various clinical manifestations collectively known as dysferlinopathies, including limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B) and Miyoshi myopathy. A mutation in MYOF (myoferlin) was linked to a muscular dystrophy accompanied by cardiomyopathy. Mutations in OTOF (otoferlin) can be the cause of nonsyndromic deafness DFNB9. Dysregulated expression of any human ferlin may be associated with development of cancer. This review provides a detailed description of functions of the vertebrate ferlins with a focus on muscle ferlins and discusses the mechanisms leading to disease development.Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the world and remains a major public health problem. To date, incomplete knowledge of this disease's pathophysiology has resulted in current therapies (pharmaceutical or surgical) unfortunately having only a slowing effect on disease progression. Recent research suggests that glaucomatous optic neuropathy is a disease that shares common neuroinflammatory mechanisms with "classical" neurodegenerative pathologies. In addition to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), neuroinflammation appears to be a key element in the progression and spread of this disease. Indeed, early reactivity of glial cells has been observed in the retina, but also in the central visual pathways of glaucoma patients and in preclinical models of ocular hypertension. Moreover, neuronal lesions are not limited to retinal structure, but also occur in central visual pathways. This review summarizes and puts into perspective the experimental and clinical data obtained to date to highlight the need to develop neuroprotective and immunomodulatory therapies to prevent blindness in glaucoma patients.