https://www.selleckchem.com/products/guanosine-5-triphosphate-trisodium-salt.html Further prospective studies are required to assess the association between food patterns and NAFLD.Data on the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on lipid profiles are inconclusive. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials on the effect of GSE on serum lipid profiles. The online databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct and Embase were searched for relevant publications until March 2019, using MeSH and non-MeSH keywords. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were completed independently by two investigators. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Assessment of study quality was conducted using the Jaddad scale. Eleven randomized clinical trials involving 536 participants were included in the present meta-analysis. Combining effect sizes from earlier studies, we found that GSE supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of LDL-cholesterol (-0.17 mmol/L; 95%CI -0.34, -0.01) and triglycerides (-0.11 mmol/L; 95%CI -0.18, -0.05). Although no overall significant effect of GSE supplementation on circulating total- and HDL-cholesterol levels were observed, there were significant reductions in these lipids in studies with less than 10 weeks of intervention and those that had administered the dosages of less than 300 mg/d of GSE. In conclusion, GSE supplementation seems to favourably affect serum levels of LDL and triglyceride concentrations, but it did not affect total- and HDL-cholesterol concentrations.The aim of the present work was to compare the capacity to modulate the intestinal microbiota and the production of metabolites after 14 days administration of a commercial dietary supplement and a manufactured ice cream, both containing the same quantity of inulin and the same viable counts of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bif