The height and width are less than French and Americans but slightly more than the Japanese population. There are significant differences in Indian glenoid measurements compared to other countries. Even the smallest size of shoulder arthroplasty glenoid component currently available in India is larger than the mean glenoid size of our study. As shoulder replacement surgeries are rising in India, we may have to bring changes in the implant design and surgical technique to suit our population. There are significant differences in Indian glenoid measurements compared to other countries. Even the smallest size of shoulder arthroplasty glenoid component currently available in India is larger than the mean glenoid size of our study. As shoulder replacement surgeries are rising in India, we may have to bring changes in the implant design and surgical technique to suit our population. This study tested the long-term efficacy of two synthetic scaffolds for osteochondral defects and compare the outcomes with that of an established technique that uses monolayer cultured chondrocytes in a rabbit model. Articular cartilage defect was created in both knees of 18 rabbits and divided into three groups of six in each. The defects in first group receiving cells loaded on Scaffold A (polyvinyl alcohol-polycaprolactone semi-interpenetrating polymer network (Monophasic, PVA-PCL semi-IPN), the second on Scaffold B (biphasic, PVA-PCL incorporated with bioglass as the lower layer), and the third group received chondrocytes alone. One animal from each group was sacrificed at 2months and the rest at 1year. O'Driscoll's score measured the quality of cartilage repair. The histological outcome had good scores (22, 20, and 19) for all three groups at 2months. At 1-year follow-up, the chondrocyte alone group had the best scores (mean 20.0 ± 1.4), while the group treated by PVA-PCL semi-IPN scaffolds fared eered constructs. Knee arthroplasty (KA) aims to restore normal gait, correct joint alignment, improve the quality of life and activities of daily living, and provide pain relief. Hence, the main purpose of this overview was to summarise data from published reviews exploring gait changes during unaided level walking post-KA, thereby providing for recommendations for future practice and research. A systematic review of review (RoR) for articles published in English and since 2010, was conducted online using PubMed and Google Scholar, as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Metaanalyses guidelines. Predefined eligibility criteria were applied, and the data thus compiled were analysed. Study quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2 checklist. A total of 5 systematic reviews and meta-analysis consisting of 58 primary studies were included in the review. Based on the very limited evidence, it appears that though gait does not normalize post-KA, there seems to be an improvement in spatiotemporal gait parameters over mid to long term with some decline in gains over long term. Further reviews also suggest no benefits with unicompartmental KA in comparison to healthy controls or total KA patients. Further quality of the study was found to be of critically low confidence based on the AMSTAR-2 scale suggesting that the results should be interpreted with great caution. The overview highlights the knowledge gap and limitations in gait assessment research post-KA with existing heterogeneity in methods and reporting amidst other factors within primary studies, establishing the need for further research. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-020-00342-w. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-020-00342-w. Spinal metastases are the most commonly encountered spinal tumors. With increasing life expectancy and better systemic treatment options, the incidence of patients seeking treatment for spinal metastasis is rising. Radical resections and conventional low-dose radiotherapy have given way to modern 'separation' surgeries and stereotactic body radiotherapy which entails lesser morbidity and improved local control. This article provides an overview of the decision making and currently available treatment options for metastatic spinal tumors. A MEDLINE literature search was made for studies in English language reporting on human subjects, describing results of various treatment options that are a part of multidisciplinary management of metastatic spinal tumors. The highest-quality evidence available in the literature was reviewed. Treatment of patients with metastatic spinal tumors is largely palliative, with radiotherapy and selective surgery being the mainstays of management. Multidisciplinary management tse patients. Coronary artery perforation is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), however if recognized and managed promptly, its adverse consequences can be minimized. Risk factors include the use of advanced PCI technique (such as atherectomy and chronic total occlusion interventions) and treatment of severely calcified lesions. Large vessel perforation is usually treated with implantation of a covered stent, whereas distal and collateral vessel perforations are usually treated with embolization of coils, fat, thrombin, or collagen. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/thapsigargin.html We describe a novel and cost-effective method of embolisation using a cut remnant of a used angioplasty balloon that was successful in sealing a distal wire perforation. we advocate this method as a simple method of managing distal vessel perforation. A 73-year-old male with previous coronary Bypass graft operation and recurrent angina on minimal exertion had undergone rotablation and PCI to his dominant left circumflex. At the preventing poor outcome. Prevention remains the most important part with meticulous attention to the distal wire position, particularly with hydrophilic wires.Cardiogenic shock in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) carries significant morbidity and mortality, despite advances in pharmacological, mechanical and reperfusion therapies. Studies suggest that there is evidence of sex disparities in the risk profile, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock complicating AMI. Compared with men, women tend to have more comorbidities, greater variability in symptom presentation and are less likely to receive timely revascularization and mechanical circulatory support. These factors might explain why women tend to have worse outcomes. In this review, we highlight sex-based differences in the prevalence, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock due to AMI, and discuss potential ways to mitigate them.