https://www.selleckchem.com/products/U0126.html While during the year, PM2.5 concentrations were highest in winter, lowest in summer, and in-between in spring and autumn. Combined with meteorological conditions, we further analyzed the whole process of a PM2.5 pollution event. Finally, we discussed the loss in removing clouds-covered pixels and compared our model with several popular models. Overall, our results can reflect hourly PM2.5 concentrations seamlessly and accurately with a spatial resolution of 5 km, which benefits PM2.5 exposure evaluations and policy regulations.Self-sustained Treatment for Active Remediation (STAR) is a thermal remediation technology that uses smouldering, a flameless form of combustion, for destroying organic contaminants in soil. Injected cold air flowing through the soil to the treatment zone supports the release of sufficient energy to maintain a self-sustained reaction and the propagation of the reaction through the contaminated zone as long as the airflow local to the reaction exceeds a minimum value. However, the distribution and magnitude of air flux vectors can be complex in the heterogeneous environment common at contaminated sites. This research presents the first investigation of smouldering remediation under varying degrees and patterns of permeability heterogeneity. Nine experiments examined smouldering remediation in contaminated layers of varying permeability arranged alone and in contrasting layers in series, in parallel, and in two distinct complex patterns. The results suggest that smouldering can successfully propagate across layer boundaries and through layers in series regardless of their permeability (at least down to 1 x 10-12 m2). However, fine layers were not smouldered for layers in parallel with a permeability ratio ≥ 31. Numerical modelling of these cases with a published smouldering model revealed that this occurred due to insufficient airflow in the fine layers in some cases, or conductive heat transfer (