Recent studies, predominantly in Western populations, suggest that both weight loss and weight gain are associated with an increased mortality risk in old age. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/beta-aminopropionitrile.html However, evidence of this association in older Asian populations remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older Japanese people. Data were obtained from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly, which included 4869 adults aged ≥60 years. Participants were followed for up to 30 years. We considered 3 indicators of weight change according to the follow-up interval short-term (3 years), medium-term (6-7 years), and long-term (12-13 years). Weight change was classified as loss ≥ 5%, loss 2.5%-4.9%, stable (±2.4%), gain 2.5%-4.9%, and gain ≥ 5%. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the relative mortality risk of each weight change category. Weight loss ≥ 5% for all intervals was associated with higher mortality than stable weight and the effects were largely similar across all 3 intervals (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.36 [1.22-1.51] for short-term, 1.36 [1.22-1.51] for medium-term, and 1.31 [1.11-1.54] for long-term). A similar pattern of results was observed among the young-old and old-old, and among men and women. The effect of weight loss on higher mortality was greater among those with a lower body mass index at baseline. These findings could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed at improving the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations. These findings could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed at improving the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations. To define and discuss the role of population health as a framework to improve care and clinical decision making in athletic training practice. Athletic trainers (ATs) are allied health professionals who are uniquely suited to provide preventive and educational health and wellness programs to improve health outcomes across a physically active population. Athletic trainers are often the first contacts for high school athletes seeking health and wellness education, which may allow ATs to be the first intervention or prevention point for reducing or eliminating negative health behaviors and outcomes among their patients. Integrating a population-health framework into the athletic training setting prepares ATs to address complex health concerns in communities that result from factors that influence determinants of health. The field of athletic training could benefit from a population-health approach to care by broadening consideration of the factors that affect the health of homogeneous populations that are served by ATs. Integrating a population-health framework into the athletic training setting prepares ATs to address complex health concerns in communities that result from factors that influence determinants of health. The field of athletic training could benefit from a population-health approach to care by broadening consideration of the factors that affect the health of homogeneous populations that are served by ATs. Manual muscle tests (MMTs) are often used when assessing shoulder pathologies. For the trapezius, individual MMTs are used to selectively test the upper (UTR), middle (MTR), and lower (LTR) trapezius regions. It is assumed that MMTs for each region preferentially recruit the corresponding muscle fibres and produce a "maximal" contraction; however, it is unknown if this is true. To determine if maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) for the upper (UT-MVIC), middle (MT-MVIC), and lower (LT-MVIC) trapezius, adapted from the Kendall MMTs, recruit the corresponding trapezius regions. Cross-Over. Laboratory. 20 young, healthy individuals. Participants performed three repetitions of each MVIC. High density surface electromyography was collected from the UTR, MTR, and LTR. Root mean square (excitation) of the UTR, MTR, and LTR. Three, one-way repeated measures ANOVAs. UTR excitation There was a significant increase in UTR excitation during the LT-MVIC compared to the UT-MVIC (p = .016), anLT-MVIC appears to produce the greatest excitation in all trapezius regions. Additional research is needed; however, clinicians should be aware that maximal contractions may not always recruit the desired musculature when forming a clinical interpretation. Low mental health scores, depression, and anxiety are associated with worse pain and functional outcomes following hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Pre-operative screening of psychosocial factors such as pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and kinesiophobia may further aid in identifying patients at-risk for poorer outcomes. Compare pre-operative function and psychosocial factors between patients with and without elevated post-operative pain three-months following hip arthroscopy for FAIS. Prospective cohort Setting University health center Participants 51 individuals with FAIS (41F/10M; age37.6±12.3years; BMI27.1±4.1kg/m2) Outcome measures Pre-operatively participants completed the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), 12-Item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), and a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) for hip pain at rest and during activity. Three-months post-operatively, participants compain catastrophizing (p≤.03). Exertional heat stroke (EHS) deaths can be prevented by adhering to best practices. We investigated the adoption of policies and procedures for the recognition and treatment of EHS and the factors influencing the adoption of a comprehensive policy. Cross Sectional. Online questionnaire. Athletic trainers (ATs) practicing in the high school (HS) setting. Using the NATA Position Statement Exertional Heat Illness, an online questionnaire was developed and distributed to ATs to ascertain their schools' current written policies for the use of rectal temperature and cold-water immersion (CWI). The Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM), allowed for responses to be presented across the various health behavior stages ("Unaware if have the policy", "Unaware for the need for the policy", "Unengaged", "Undecided", "Decided Not to Act", "Decided to Act", "Acting", and "Maintaining"). Additional questions included perceptions of facilitators and barriers. Data are presented as proportions. A total of 531 ATs completed this questionnaire.