INTRODUCTION To investigate the influence of tumor zonality on positive surgical margin (PSM) after Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive 203 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent RS-RARP in our center were divided into three cohorts according to the tumor zonal origin described on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Clinical and pathological characteristics were compared between the three groups. Relationship of clinicopathological parameters and PSM after RS-RARP was also evaluated. RESULTS The rates of PSM in men with transition zone and mixed tumors were significantly higher than that in patients with peripheral zone tumors (p less then 0.01). 42.0% and 40.9% of the positive margins in patients with transition zone and mixed cancers were located at the anterior part of the gland, respectively. On multivariate analysis, transition zone tumor was significantly associated with higher PSM rate after RS-RARP (p less then 0.01). Sub-analysis revealed that high risk patients with transition tumor had a higher risk of PSM after RS-RARP (p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION Transition zone tumor is an independent risk factor for PSM after RS-RARP. Preoperative identification of transition zone tumor might aid surgical planning with Retzius-sparing technique, especially for high risk patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Abiotic stresses notably higher ultraviolet-B (UV-B) limits the growth and productivity of large numbers of crop plants but the information on responses of grasses against UV-B radiation is rather limited.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/odq.html  Present study is therefore conducted to elaborate our understanding of differential age-wise response on growth, metabolic responses and fodder quality of Cenchrus ciliaris-3108 (Buffel grasses) to elevated UV-B (eUV-B; +7.2 kJ m-2 d-1 ). Plant growth at both the growth stages showed notable reductions except number of -nodes and -tillers at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. At the time of anthesis, the tillering increased due to perennial habit of plant but the defoliation of senesced leaves reduced the number of leaves per tiller. High ambient along with eUV-B at vegetative stage resulted in diversion of photosynthates for the formation of more secondary metabolites (tannins and phenolics) providing dual protection to plants from photooxidative damage due to high UV-B as well as from herbivory. The forage biomass as well as quality showed marked decline under eUV-B and relative nutritive value reduced at both the growth stages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.This study attempted to establish a culture model to recreate the milk production pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). BMECs were isolated from Holstein cows (nonlactating, nonpregnant, and parous) and were stored by cryopreservation. To separate the apical and basolateral compartments, BMECs were cultured on a cell culture insert with a collagen gel in the presence of bovine pituitary extract and dexamethasone to induce milk production and tight junction (TJ) formation. The culture model showed the secretion of the major milk components, such as β-casein, lactose, and triglyceride, and formed less-permeable TJs in BMECs. Moreover, the TJs were distinctly separated from the apical and basolateral membranes. Glucose transporter-1, which transports glucose into the cytoplasm through the basolateral membrane, localized in the lateral membrane of BMECs. Toll-like receptor-4, which binds to lipopolysaccharide in the alveolar lumen in mastitis, localized in the apical membrane. Beta-casein was mainly localized near the Golgi apparatus and the apical membrane. Moreover, milk components were almost secreted into the upper chamber of the cell culture insert. These findings indicate that this model has clear cell polarity as well as in vivo and is effective to study of milk production and the blood-milk barrier in lactating BMECs. © 2020 Japanese Society of Animal Science.Skeletal reorganization is a type of fascinating transformations owing to their intriguing mechanisms and utility in complex molecule synthesis. However, these reactions are limitedly known for most functional groups. Herein, we describe such an unusual process of oxetanes. In the presence of In(OTf)3 as catalyst, oxetane-tethered anilines reacted unexpectedly to form 1,2-dihydroquinolines. This process not only provides expedient access to dihydroquinolines, but also represents a new reaction of oxetane. Mechanistically, it is believed that the reaction proceeds via initial nitrogen attack rather than arene attack followed by a series of bond cleavage and formation events. Control experiments provided important insights into the mechanism. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is an infectious complication of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drug therapies. In severe stages of this disease cutaneous sinus tracts may be observed. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate used in medicine and dentistry for to promote tissue healing. This report describes the management of facial cutaneous sinus tracts secondary to MRONJ with autologous PRF injections. Eight patients with the diagnosis MRONJ and facial sinus tracts were enrolled in this study and received treatment. MRONJ lesions underwent pharmacological and surgical treatment. Sinus tracts received 1-mL injections of PRF around the fistula using an insulin syringe once a week for four times starting from the day of the surgical treatment. After 4 weeks, six patients showed healing of the fistula and bone lesions, only one patient showed healing of the fistula, and no remission was reported in another one. All patients reported an improvement of the symptoms in the first 2 days after the treatment session. Patients were also satisfied from an aesthetic point of view. Further studies will be needed to determine if PRF is a valid therapeutic option in dermatology. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.