Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination rates are insufficient in high-risk patients worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the screening, immunization, and vaccination rates in three high-risk groups for HBV infection allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT), renal transplantation (RT), and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) groups. The serological data of consecutive patients between 2014 and 2019 were reviewed using the hospital database. The HBV screening rates were 100.0%, 90.4%, and 82.4% in the AHSCT, CHC, and RT groups, respectively (p = 0.003). The immunization rates against HBV through either previous exposure or vaccination were 79.5%, 71.7%, and 46.5% in the AHSCT, RT, and CHC groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The HBV vaccination rate was significantly low in the CHC group (71.5%, 69.0%, 34.6% in the AHSCT, RT, and CHC groups, respectively, p < 0.001). If patients lost their immunity due to immunosuppressive therapy were accounted, the vaccination rates increased to 95.2% in the AHSCT group and 72.9% in the RT group. The rate of annual screening for HBV status was 97.9% in the AHSCT group, but it was only 23.9% in the RT group. HBV screening and vaccination rates were significantly lower in the RT and CHC groups than in the AHSCT group. HBV screening and vaccination rates were significantly lower in the RT and CHC groups than in the AHSCT group. Current neonatal pneumothorax classifications based on air volume escaping in pleural space have no contribution on the treatment. Therefore, our aim was to classify neonatal pneumothorax to guide treatment management based on our experiences. The records of all neonates admitted to our clinics from March 2017 to August 2020 were reviewed. The patients with pneumothorax were identified through the neonatology department patient database search. The study only included the patients with symptomatic pneumothorax and these patients were evaluated into 3 groups based on the changes in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and clinical features immediately after the tube thoracostomy (TT) procedure. Accordingly, neonatal pneumothorax was divided into 3 types patients with SpO2 increasing immediately after TT were included in type I, patients whose SpO2 did not change after TT were included in type II, and patients with SpO2 decreasing immediately after TT were included in type III pneumothorax. A total of 82 pnificant improvement in risky cases. Classification of pneumothoraces into different types significantly contributes to patient treatment planning through a predetermined strategy, not through trial-and-error. High frequency and zero PEEP ventilation can provide significant improvement in risky cases. The aim of this paper was to determine the general tendencies of urology patients and effect of COVID-19 pandemic on daily urological practice at tertiary centers located in the most affected area in Turkey. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 39,677 patients (group 1) that applied to 6 different large-volume tertiary centers in İstanbul for outpatient consultation, surgery, or other procedures in the 3-month period between March 16 and June 14, 2020. The distribution of the number of patients who applied to subspecialty sections of urology outpatient clinics and inpatient services were recorded by weeks. That data was compared to data obtained from 145,247 patients that applied to the same centers in the same period of the previous year (group 2). The reflection of worldwide and Turkish COVID-19 case distribution on the daily urological practice was analyzed. There was a decrease in the number of patients in all subspecialty sections the in group 1 compared to group 2; however, there was a significns even for urology practice. Urological surgical procedures were more affected by COVID-19-related deaths in Turkey and worldwide. Outpatient admissions and urological surgeries decreased significantly by increasing COVID-19 case numbers in Turkey and worldwide deaths. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease with a defect in mucociliary activity that is characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections. Bacterial agents frequently implicated in airway colonization are Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. Fungal isolation from sputum is common in adults. However, growth of fungal agent only in sputum culture in patients with cystic fibrosis is insufficient for the diagnosis of fungal diseases. There is limited data about the clinical significance of fungal isolation in sputum cultures. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical outcomes andsignificance of fungal isolation from sputum samples in adult CF. This retrospective study included patients who have been admitted between October 2017 and January 2019 in an adult cystic fibrosis unit. Patients were grouped according to fungal pathogenicity as; fungal disease group, colonization group, and nonisolated group. The data of the last one year, including demographics, clinicale found to be independent risk factors for fungal isolation from sputum in adult CF. Frequent use of parenteral antibiotics and use of nutritional supplementation were found to be independent risk factors for fungal isolation from sputum in adult CF. Limited data exist about clinical outcomes and levels of inflammatory and immune markers among people hospitalized with COVID-19 by HIV serostatus and by HIV viral suppression. Large tertiary care health system in the Bronx, NY, USA. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 4613 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients admitted between March 10, 2020, and May 11, 2020. We examined in-hospital intubation, acute kidney injury (AKI), hospitalization length, and in-hospital mortality by HIV serostatus, and by HIV-viral suppression and CD4 counts among people living with HIV (PLWH) using adjusted competing risks regression. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/semaglutide.html We also compared immune and inflammatory marker levels by HIV serostatus and viral suppression. Most patients were either non-Hispanic Black (36%) or Hispanic (37%); 100/4613 (2.2%) were PLWH, among whom 15 had detectable HIV viral load. PLWH compared to patients without HIV had increased intubation rates (adjusted hazard ratio 1.73 [95% CI 1.12 to 2.67], P = 0.01). Both groups had similar rates of AKI, length of hospitalization, and death.