All included studies compared laser treatment by a diode laser (810 nm) to conventional therapy by mechanical debridement for a follow-up period ranging from 6 months to 1 year, and risk of bias was assessed for each of the three included studies. A qualitative analysis of the three studies was conducted. This systematic review could not support the usage of a diode laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis. To confirm this assumption, more clinical trials with long-term follow-up periods are recommended.
  Labrune syndrome (LS) is a rare white matter disease characterized by leukoencephalopathy with intracranial calcification and cysts (LCC). While the intracranial cyst characteristics of LS are for the most part stable, some may require surgical intervention when they develop associated hemorrhage and/or mass effect. To date, no review of the surgical outcomes of cyst decompression in LS has been performed.
 
  We report the case of a 16-year-old girl with LS who presented with progressive right hemiparesis from an enlarging hemorrhagic left thalamic cyst. The patient underwent frameless stereotactic cyst aspiration and Ommaya reservoir placement and her hemiparesis subsequently improved. Serial monitoring demonstrated stable decompression of the cyst.
 
  The pathophysiology of LS is thought to be diffuse cerebral microangiopathy and it is thought that these microhemorrhages contribute to the formation of intracranial cysts as well as diffuse calcifications. Indications for surgical intervention in LS are not well established and the heterogeneity of lesions compels them to be managed on a case-by-case basis. Based on our literature review, surgery is the standard treatment of choice for patients with progressive symptoms and growing lesions on imaging studies, with outcomes favoring less-invasive stereotactic approaches with contingencies of reservoir placement when cysts recur.
 The pathophysiology of LS is thought to be diffuse cerebral microangiopathy and it is thought that these microhemorrhages contribute to the formation of intracranial cysts as well as diffuse calcifications. Indications for surgical intervention in LS are not well established and the heterogeneity of lesions compels them to be managed on a case-by-case basis.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/unc0379.html  Based on our literature review, surgery is the standard treatment of choice for patients with progressive symptoms and growing lesions on imaging studies, with outcomes favoring less-invasive stereotactic approaches with contingencies of reservoir placement when cysts recur.Finite element modeling is a precious tool for the investigation of the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. A key element for the development of anatomically accurate, state-of-the art finite element models is medical imaging. Indeed, the workflow for the generation of a finite element model includes steps which require the availability of medical images of the subject of interest segmentation, which is the assignment of each voxel of the images to a specific material such as bone and cartilage, allowing for a three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomy; meshing, which is the creation of the computational mesh necessary for the approximation of the equations describing the physics of the problem; assignment of the material properties to the various parts of the model, which can be estimated for example from quantitative computed tomography for the bone tissue and with other techniques (elastography, T1rho, and T2 mapping from magnetic resonance imaging) for soft tissues. This paper presents a brief overview of the techniques used for image segmentation, meshing, and assessing the mechanical properties of biological tissues, with focus on finite element models of the musculoskeletal system. Both consolidated methods and recent advances such as those based on artificial intelligence are described.The co-existence with rhinitis limits the control of asthma. Compared with oral H1 receptor antagonists, intranasal corticosteroids have been demonstrated to provide greater relief of all symptoms of rhinitis and are recommended as first-line treatment for allergic rhinitis. Intrinsic limitations of nasal delivery, such as the presence of the protective mucous layer, the relentless mucociliary clearance, and the consequent reduced residence time of the formulation in the nasal cavity, limit budesonide efficacy to the treatment of local nasal symptoms. To overcome these limitations and to enable the treatment of asthma via nasal administration, we developed a budesonide-loaded lipid-core nanocapsule (BudNC) microagglomerate powder by spray-drying using a one-step innovative approach. BudNC was obtained, as a white powder, using L-leucine as adjuvant with 75 ± 6% yield. The powder showed a bimodal size distribution curve by laser diffraction with a principal peak just above 3 μm and a second one around 0.45 μm and a drug content determined by HPLC of 8.7 mg of budesonide per gram. In vivo after nasal administration, BudNC showed an improved efficacy in terms of reduction of immune cell influx; production of eotaxin-1, the main inflammatory chemokine; and arrest of airways remodeling when compared with a commercial budesonide product in both short- and long-term asthma models. In addition, data showed that the results in the long-term asthma model were more compelling than the results obtained in the short-term model. Graphical abstract.
  Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a vacuum bell (VB) combined with a three-dimensional (3D) scanner for the noninvasive treatment of pectus excavatum (PE).
 
  A VB was used to create a vacuum at the anterior chest wall with a patient-activated hand pump, and it should be applied regularly for more than 2h each day at home. Eighty-two patients required to be followed up every three months were included in this retrospective study and distributed into four stages (stage 1 treated for 3months, stage 2 treated for 6months, stage 3 treated for 9months, and stage 4 treated for 12months). In addition, the deformity in the chest wall was scanned by a 3D scanner at the clinic, and the 3D depth (3D-DE) and 3D Haller index (3D-HI) of PE were calculated through Geomagic studio 2013 software.
 
  Eighty-two patients (12/2017-12/2019) met the criteria at the clinic, and 24 patients (29.3%) achieved excellent correction (3D-DE ≤ 3mm). When comparing the improvement in 3D-DE and 3D-HI of PE to the patient's treatment time, a statistically significant difference was observed between stages 2 and 1 (3D-DE p<0.