No differences were found for ventilator hours or lengths of stay. Patients intubated at another hospital and transferred had significantly higher ventilator-associated condition rates than did those intubated at the study hospital (P = .02). Ventilator-associated condition rates did not differ significantly between patients intubated in the field and patients in other groups.
 
  Higher ventilator-associated condition rates associated with interhospital transfer may be related to movement from bed, vehicle loading and unloading, and transport vehicle vibrations. Airway assessment and care may also be suboptimal in the transport environment.
 Higher ventilator-associated condition rates associated with interhospital transfer may be related to movement from bed, vehicle loading and unloading, and transport vehicle vibrations. Airway assessment and care may also be suboptimal in the transport environment.
  Nurses in intensive care units are exposed to hundreds of alarms during a shift, and research shows that most alarms are not clinically relevant. Alarm fatigue can occur when a nurse becomes desensitized to alarms. Alarm fatigue can jeopardize patient safety, and adverse alarm events can lead to patients dying.
 
  To evaluate how a process intervention affects the number of alarms during an 8-hour shift in an intensive care unit.
 
  A total of 62 patients from an intensive care unit were included in the study; 32 of these patients received the intervention, which included washing the patient's chest with soap and water and applying new electrocardiography electrodes at the start of a shift. The number of alarms, clinical diagnoses, and demographic variables were collected for each patient. A Poisson regression model was used to evaluate the impact of the intervention on the overall number of clinical alarms during the shift, with no adjustments to the alarm settings or other interventions.
 
  After relevant covariates are controlled for, the results suggest that patients in the intervention group presented significantly fewer alarms than did patients in the control group.
 
  Managing clinical alarms is a main issue in terms of both patient safety and staff workload management. The results of this study demonstrate that a relatively simple process-oriented strategy can decrease the number of alarms.
 Managing clinical alarms is a main issue in terms of both patient safety and staff workload management. The results of this study demonstrate that a relatively simple process-oriented strategy can decrease the number of alarms.
  Discogenic pain is common cause of low back ache and may result in significant morbidity.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Pyroxamide(NSC-696085).html  Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an upcoming regenerative therapy that has treatment potential for this condition. The objective of this study was to correlate platelet concentration in intradiscal PRP injection with improvement in low back pain and functional status at three and six months.
 
  Prospective single-arm interventional study.
 
  Outpatient pain clinic and operation theater.
 
  Twenty-five patients with discogenic pain diagnosed by clinical means and imaging with confirmation by provocative discography were recruited.
 
  The patients received PRP injection at a single or multiple disc levels. Preprocedure numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were calculated. Platelet counts of patients and PRP samples were measured. At three and six months postprocedure, NRS and ODI scores were measured, and improvement in these scores was correlated with platelet concentrations in the PRP sample.
 
  Twenty patients completed the study. The improvement in NRS and ODI scores positively correlated with platelet concentrations in the PRP sample. We determined the correlation coefficient (r) of platelet concentrations with a reduction in NRS at three months (r = 0.65) and six months (r = 0.73) and in ODI score at three months (r = 0.72) and six months (r = 0.7).
 
  This study supports the use of intradiscal PRP for treatment of discogenic pain with preferably higher platelet counts to elicit a favorable response.
 This study supports the use of intradiscal PRP for treatment of discogenic pain with preferably higher platelet counts to elicit a favorable response.
  The relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the gut microbiome, which interact through chronic inflammation, uraemic toxin production and immune response regulation, has gained interest in the development of CKD therapies. However, reports using shotgun metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome are scarce, especially for early CKD. Here we characterized gut microbiome differences between non-CKD participants and ones with early CKD using metagenomic sequencing.
 
  In total, 74 non-CKD participants and 37 participants with early CKD were included based on propensity score matching, controlling for various factors including dietary intake. Stool samples were collected from participants and subjected to shotgun sequencing. Bacterial and pathway abundances were profiled at the species level with MetaPhlAn2 and HUMAnN2, respectively, and overall microbiome differences were determined using Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. Diabetic and non-diabetic populations were analysed separately.
 
  For diabetic and non-diabetic participants, the mean estimated glomerular filtration rates of the CKD group were 53.71 [standard deviation (SD) 3.87] and 53.72 (SD 4.44), whereas those of the non-CKD group were 72.63 (SD 7.72) and 76.10 (SD 9.84), respectively. Alpha and beta diversities were not significantly different between groups. Based on taxonomic analysis, butyrate-producing species Roseburia inulinivorans, Ruminococcus torques and Ruminococcus lactaris were more abundant in the non-CKD group, whereas Bacteroides caccae and Bacteroides coprocora were more abundant in the non-diabetic CKD group.
 
  Although gut microbiome changes in individuals with early CKD were subtle, the results suggest that changes related to producing short-chain fatty acids can already be observed in early CKD.
 Although gut microbiome changes in individuals with early CKD were subtle, the results suggest that changes related to producing short-chain fatty acids can already be observed in early CKD.