https://www.selleckchem.com/products/2-d08.html Moreover, the copy numbers of functional genes representing fermenters, sulfate reducers, and chitin degraders increased with increasing proportions of CS. These observations agree well with the chemical performance data, further validating that by supporting more abundant key microbial groups, chitinous substrates may provide benefits for improving both the longevity and performance of AMD treatment systems, and may provide similar benefits for the treatment of other environmental contaminants that are amenable to anaerobic bioremediation.Key points• Crab shell improves the longevity and performance of acid mine drainage treatment.• The diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria is enhanced with crab shell amendments.• Crab shell supports more abundant key microbial groups than spent mushroom compost.Aspergillus niger is featured with its copious amount of extracellular β-glucosidase which is generally used to balance the cellulolytic enzyme cocktails for lignocellulose saccharification. However, whether or not A. niger produces any intracellular β-glucosidase remains obscure. In this study, we analyzed a total of fifteen putative β-glucosidase genes (bgls) in A. niger CBS 513.88 genome and the five of them were predicted as intracellular bgls due to the lack of signal peptide of extracellular proteins. After further characterization of these five genes through a Saccharomyces cerevisiae in vivo system, only An03g03740 (designated bgl1B) was confirmed to be a β-glucosidase gene. Western blot and mass spectrometry analysis confirmed BGL1B protein localization inside the cell. BGL1B exhibited the maximal activity at 40 °C and pH 5.6. The Km for p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and Ki for glucose were 0.233 ± 0.058 mM and 119.8 ± 4.35 mM, respectively. BGL1B showed a strong transglycosylation activity while hydrolyzing cellodextrins with sophorose, laminaribiose, and cellotriose formed from cellobiose, and sophorose and lam