https://www.selleckchem.com/TGF-beta.html Structural equation modeling showed that psychopathology mediated the association between increased maltreatment and reduced working memory capacity (β=-0.07, p=.02), with a trend towards mediation for short-term memory (β=-0.05, p=.06). Higher levels of maltreatment, but not psychopathology, were directly linked to long-term memory deficits (β=-0.20, p=.02). Preventive efforts targeting maltreatment and interventions focusing on related psychopathology are needed to counter memory deficits and their potential negative implications for academic and socioeconomic outcomes. Preventive efforts targeting maltreatment and interventions focusing on related psychopathology are needed to counter memory deficits and their potential negative implications for academic and socioeconomic outcomes. Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to environmental metal contamination, accumulating these contaminants at high rates and excreting them slowly. The blue shark Prionace glauca L. is one of the most heavily fished elasmobranchs, although information regarding metal contamination and detoxification in this species is notably lacking. Blue sharks were sampled in the western North Atlantic Ocean, in offshore waters adjacent to Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Total and metallothionein-bound liver and muscle metal concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), metallothionein detoxification and oxidative stress endpoints were determined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. Metallothionein detoxification occurred for As, Cd, Cs, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se, Ti and Zn in liver, and for As, Cd, Cs, Pb, Se, and Zn in muscle, while reduced glutathione defenses seem to be related to Co and Zn exposure. This is the first report for several metals (Ag, Co, non-radioactive Cs, Sb, Ti and V) for this species, which will aid in establishing baseline elemental data for biomonitoring efforts, health metrics, and conservation measures. This i