The clinical picture of specific orbital inflammation can be subdivided into infectious diseases and idiopathic as well as autoimmune diseases.
 
  This synopsis should help the reader to become acquainted with rare, yet important differential diagnoses of specific orbital inflammations.
 
  A variety of cases of specific orbital inflammation from our interdisciplinary orbital consultation are presented that illustrate examples supported by the medical literature, expert opinions as well as the authors' personal experiences.
 
  Orbital symptoms can occur due to infectious pathogens, rheumatic systemic autoimmune diseases or be idiopathic. They mostly manifest by swelling of the lids or lacrimal glands but involvement of deep orbital structures is also possible.
 
  It is of importance to know the possible clinical ocular manifestations of infectious and rheumatic immunological systemic diseases in order to be able to treat patients adequately and whenever necessary by amultidisciplinary approach.
 It is of importance to know the possible clinical ocular manifestations of infectious and rheumatic immunological systemic diseases in order to be able to treat patients adequately and whenever necessary by a multidisciplinary approach.
  Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) causes malfunction of the salivary and lacrimal glands.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/5-ethynyluridine.html  Consequently, patients suffer from xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. This can further affect the voice and swallowing function resulting in an impaired quality of life. Aim of this study is the systematic evaluation of the impact on voice and swallowing-related quality of life in patients with SjS.
 
  SjS patients were classified according to the American-European Consensus Group (AECG) criteria; antibodies to Ro (SS-A) or La (SS-B) antigens were detected, ESSPRI was completed. We used the following quality of life questionnaires EORTC QLQ H&N 35, Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (ADI) and Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Patients additionally received a detailed phoniatric examination (auditory perception, videostroboscopy, acoustic analysis, Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI), aerodynamics measurements).
 
  Almost all the 54 patients (96.3%) had a limited quality of life due to their swallowing problems and 48% due to their voice problems. Both values correlated significantly with the degree of xerostomia. In the phoniatric examination, 77.8% had an increased DSI and two-thirds had abnormalities in videostroboscopy.
 
  A reasonable impairment of quality of life in patients with SjS due to the limitations in voice and swallowing function was observed. As SjS does not limitate life expectancy, preservation of quality of life is important. Detection of voice and swallowing problems as potential reasons for quality of life impairment should be detected and, if diagnosed, treated accordingly.
 A reasonable impairment of quality of life in patients with SjS due to the limitations in voice and swallowing function was observed. As SjS does not limitate life expectancy, preservation of quality of life is important. Detection of voice and swallowing problems as potential reasons for quality of life impairment should be detected and, if diagnosed, treated accordingly.
  To assess the oncological outcomes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) associated with tumor thrombus and identify predictive factors of recurrence.
 
  Multi-institutional study that included patients with cT3-4N0-1M0 RCC with tumoral thrombus identified in the prospective UroCCR database (CNIL DR 2013-206; NCT03293563). pT3a without involvement of the renal vein were excluded. All patients underwent radical nephrectomy and a thrombectomy of the renal vein ± inferior vena cava ± right atrium. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Thirty-two patients who had adjuvant therapies (tyrosine kinase inhibitors or mTOR inhibitor) were compared to control group (surveillance) in a propensity score-matched 11 sub-analysis RESULTS A total of 432 patients were included 70.4% pT3a, 20.1% pT3b, 4.2% pT3c and 5.3% pT4. Tumor characteristics were 90.7% clear cell RCC, 13.9% pN1, and 87.1% high Fuhrman grade. 173 patients (40%) had disease recurrence, and median RFS was 37.3months (95% CI, 26.4-46.7). In a multivariate analysis (Cox model), predictive factors of recurrence were pT4 (HR 2.66; 95% CI, 1.42-4.99; p = 0.002), pN1 (HR 2.53; 95% CI, 1.46-4.39; p < 0.001), tumor necrosis (HR 2.92; 95% CI, 1.85-4.62; p < 0.001), tumor size > 10cm (HR 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.24; p = 0.018). Adjuvant therapy was a protective factor of cancer recurrence (HR 0.33; 95% CI, 0.17-0.66; p = 0.002). Propensity score-matched sub-analysis of adjuvant vs control (surveillance) confirmed adjuvant treatment as a protective factor of cancer recurrence (Log rank p = 0.015).
 
  In this contemporary multi-institutional cohort of RCC + tumor thrombus, we reported higher recurrence rate shortly after surgical excision and demonstrated an oncological benefit of adjuvant treatment.
 In this contemporary multi-institutional cohort of RCC + tumor thrombus, we reported higher recurrence rate shortly after surgical excision and demonstrated an oncological benefit of adjuvant treatment.Myelitis is an acute or subacute inflammatory syndrome of the spinal cord. Myelopathy, often used as a synonym and presenting with similar symptoms in clinical practice, can be caused by numerous, not primarily inflammatory etiologies and might also show a progressive disease course. Within the last decade the spectrum of autoimmune myelitis was significantly broadened as was the spectrum of diagnostic methods. Apart from the characteristic example of multiple sclerosis with short-length myelitis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, multiple rare but important differential diagnoses should also be considered. Magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory analyses of serum antibodies and cerebrospinal fluid are the most important diagnostic methods and are fundamental for rapid treatment decisions, subsequently with better prognosis. This article reviews representative diseases within the spectrum of autoimmune spinal cord diseases and their differential diagnoses.