https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Acadesine.html Furthermore, transition oxygen species involved in MICO process was deduced as lattice oxygen species. Then, the possible degradation pathway of BG was proposed as demethylation, open-loop of triphenylmethane, releasing one ring, formation of the benzene ring and the ultimate mineralization based on the degradation intermediates tentatively identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS), respectively. Finally, ecotoxicity analysis by ecological structure activity relationships (ECOSAR) showed that both the acute and chronic toxicity of these intermediates were lower than that of parent BG. These findings are important regarding the development of efficient catalysts in MICO process for degradation of BG analogues in wastewater.Tungsten (W) occurrence and speciation was investigated in sediments collected from Fallon, Nevada where previous studies have linked elevated W levels in human body fluids to an unusual cluster of childhood leukemia cases. The speciation of sedimentary W was determined by μ-XRF mapping and μ-XANES. The W content of the analyzed surface sediments ranged between 81 and 25,908 mg/kg, which is significantly higher than the W content in deeper sediments which ranged from 37 to 373 mg/kg at 30 cm depth. The μ-XANES findings reveal that approximately 20-50% of the total W in the shallow sediment occurs in the metallic form (W0); the rest occurs in the oxide form (WVIO3). Because W0 does not occur naturally, its elevated concentrations in surface sediments point toward a possible local anthropogenic origin. The oxidation of metallic W0 with meteoric waters likely leads to the formation of WVIO3. The chief water-soluble W species was identified as WO42- by chromatographic separation and speciation modeling. These results led us to postulate that W0 particles from a currently unknown but local source(s) is (are) deposited onto the soils a