Several publications described neurological manifestations caused by SARS-CoV-2. Immune-mediated neurological damages caused by COVID-19 are increasingly recognized. A young male presented in March 2020 with a new-onset seizure. Later, he started to experience a severe headache. During the second admission in May, the MRI of the brain showed left frontal lesion. Nasal PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative, but the serology was positive, raising the suspicion of immune-mediated encephalitis. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin G with two oligoclonal bands were also seen. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/loxo-292.html The patient received IV immunoglobulin and showed improvement in headache. Follow-up MRIs of the brain revealed complete resolution of the lesion. Neurological complications from COVID-19 have been increasingly recognized. The proposed pathophysiology is either direct damage of neurological tissues, or indirectly through immune-mediated mechanisms. The timeline of the patient's presentation with seizure, as well as the lesion on the brain MRI with complete resolution after the IV immunoglobulin, strongly suggest that the patient had immune-mediated encephalitis after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Several cases of encephalitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 have been reported. Immune-mediated encephalitis as probable pathophysiology is described here. Several cases of encephalitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 have been reported. Immune-mediated encephalitis as probable pathophysiology is described here. Whipple's disease is a rare chronic infectious disease caused by . The infection mainly affects the small intestine of middle-aged patients, approximately three times more often in males than in females causing malabsorption and excessive weight loss but other organs may be affected as well. We describe a case of a 42-year-old woman with a history of chronic diarrhea and weight loss evolving for at least the last 6 years. The diagnosis of Whipple's disease was confirmed by histopathological examination of duodenal biopsy samples with Periodic acid-Schiff positive macrophages and by polymerase chain reaction technique detecting the DNA of . The patient was commenced on several antimicrobials including beta-lactams and co-trimoxazole but she did not improve. Finally, after-long lasting i.v. tigecycline 100 mg BID she was commenced on p.o. doxycycline along with hydroxychloroquine 200 mg TID for one year and after by p.o. doxycycline alone. The intriguing thing with this case was not only the natural resistance to co-trimoxazole but that the infection was controlled empirically with long-lasting i.v. tigecycline since several failed attempts to discontinue i.v. treatment followed. This might be due to erratic absorption of oral drugs due to gut inflammation. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Whipple's disease successfully treated with long-lasting induction parenteral tigecycline followed by p.o. doxycycline along with hydroxychloroquine for one year and after by p.o. doxycycline alone. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Whipple's disease successfully treated with long-lasting induction parenteral tigecycline followed by p.o. doxycycline along with hydroxychloroquine for one year and after by p.o. doxycycline alone. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of slow growing mycobacteria (SGM) and rapid-growing mycobacteria (RGM) retrieved from hospital water sources in Iran from 2016 to 2020. The review was conducted to get eligible published studies from 1 January 2016 to 25 March 2020 based on PRISMA protocol. A combination of related words from the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH), with (AND, OR) were used to search for published studies reporting the prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Scopus, MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Iranian databases. Then data from the studies were extracted and reported. Our study showed that different water sources of hospitals were contaminated with NTMs. The prevalence of RGM isolates in hospital water samples varied between 42.2%-67.5%, and the prevalence of SGM varied between 32.5%-57.7%, respectively. (84.7%), complex(2.8%-56.4%)and (2.8%-56.2%) were the most prevalent NTM species amongst SGM, whereas (2.9%-44.2%), (8%-36.8%) (8%-25.6%) were the most leading NTM isolates among RGM. A high prevalence of NTM was reported from hospital environments particularly hospital water sources which can colonize medical devices, solutions, and water used for patients and cause nosocomial infection. Therefore, the hospitals should check the microbiological quality of the water used. A high prevalence of NTM was reported from hospital environments particularly hospital water sources which can colonize medical devices, solutions, and water used for patients and cause nosocomial infection. Therefore, the hospitals should check the microbiological quality of the water used.Acute diarrheal disease remains a major public health issue. Salmonella spp. infection is one of the leading causes of acute diarrheal disease despite the preventive measures implemented. The clinical picture of salmonellosis varies from a common gastroenteritis to enteric fevers which are life-threatening diseases requiring a prompt and correct antibiotic treatment. In this review we present recent salmonellosis outbreaks and point out that Salmonella infections continue to be an important health issue. Numerous outbreaks of Salmonella spp. have been reported worldwide in recent years, indicating that prevention and control programs need to be improved as well as the infectious diseases surveillance, all over the world. With the exception of breast cancer, gynecologic neoplasms constitute the most common cancers that complicate pregnancy. Pregnancy therefore presents a window of opportunity for all pregnant women who do not take part in routine free cervical cancer screening program to undergo a free voluntary cytological test and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing. This study aimed to determine prevalent HPV genotypes among pregnant women using exfoliated cells from cervical swabs and determine risk factors responsible for the upsurge of cervical precancerous lesions. In a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2017 to March 2018, a total of 482 pregnant women were enrolled. Cervical swabs and samples for cytology were collected from each enrolled participant during their routine prenatal consultation. The Papanicolaou's (Pap) staining technique was performed and all cervical swab samples were amplified through conventional PCR. HPV genotypes were identified using the Roche Linear Array Genotyping Assay. SAS 9.