Objective Online videos are commonly used in medical education. The aim of this review was to investigate the role of online instructional videos in teaching procedural skills to postgraduate medical learners.Methods This systematic narrative review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, ERIC and Google Scholar were searched. Full texts that applied to online videos, postgraduate medical learners and procedural skills were included without language restrictions. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using a validated tool. A thematic analysis of the studies was carried out using a general inductive approach.Results A total of 785 articles were retrieved and the full text was reviewed for 66 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Twenty papers that were relevant to the role of online videos in postgraduate medical education of procedural skills were used for this review. They were heterogenous in the outcomes collected and the evidence was of variable quality. There was strong evidence for the use of online videos for procedural skill knowledge acquisition and retention. Online videos were used for various purposes, such as supervision, assessment, postoperative debriefing, providing feedback, and promoting reflection.Conclusion Online videos are a valuable educational tool especially for procedural skill knowledge acquisition and retention. Future research needs to be carried out on the appropriate use of platforms in disseminating and using online videos, identifying the factors surrounding the learners, video characteristics, and data protection.Background Hospitals in the United States vary in their use of intensive care units (ICUs) for hemodynamically stable patients with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The association between ICU use and long-term outcomes after NSTEMI is unknown. Methods and Results Using data from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry linked to Medicare claims, we identified 65 256 NSTEMI patients aged ≥ 65 years without cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest on presentation between 2011 and 2014. We compared 1-year medication non-adherence, cardiovascular readmission, and mortality across hospitals by ICU use using multivariable regression models. Among 520 hospitals, 154 (29.6%) were high ICU users (>70% of stable NSTEMI patients admitted to ICU), 270 (51.9%) were intermediate (30%-70%), and 196 (37.7%) were low ( less then 30%). Compared with low ICU usage hospitals, no differences were observed in the risks of 1-year medication non-adherence (adjusted odds ratio 1.08, 95% CI, 0.97-1.21), mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.06, 95% CI, 0.98-1.15), and cardiovascular readmission (adjusted hazard ratio 0.99, 95% CI, 0.95-1.04) at high usage hospitals. Patients hospitalized at intermediate ICU usage hospitals had lower rates of evidence-based therapy and diagnostic catheterization within 24 hours of hospital arrival, and higher risks of 1-year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.07, 95% CI, 1.02-1.12) and medication non-adherence (adjusted odds ratio 1.09, 95% CI, 1.02-1.15) compared with low ICU usage hospitals. Conclusions Routine ICU use is unlikely to be beneficial for hemodynamically stable NSTEMI patients; medication adherence, long-term mortality, and cardiovascular readmission did not differ for high ICU usage hospitals compared with hospitals with low ICU usage rates.Coumarins have aroused high interests due to their diverse bioactivities. Understanding of its metabolism contributes to determine the druggability of coumarin in vivo.A sensitive and efficient strategy based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS) analysis combined with various data-processing techniques including metabolomics and multiple mass defect filter (MMDF) was established for the comprehensive screening and elucidation of potential coumarin metabolites.Total 20 metabolites of scoparone were identified in this study, including 14 undescribed metabolites. The metabolism of two other similar coumarins scopoletin and esculetin also could be determined using this strategy.By the established strategy, this study gives the insights about the major metabolic pathways of scoparone in vivo and in vitro metabolism, including demethylation, hydroxylation, hydration, cysteine conjugation, glucuronide conjugation and sulfate conjugation. Additionally, the metabolic pathways of scopoletin and esculetin were determined as hydroxylation, glucuronidation and sulfation. These results contribute to the understanding of metabolic characterization of coumarins, and demonstrate that the combination of UPLC-MS-based metabolomics and MMDF is a powerful approach to determine the metabolic pathways of coumarin compounds.Objectives Anxiety is a very common symptom and closely related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the association between anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms at the hippocampus network level remains unclear.Methods This study enrolled 42 patients with OCD and 42 healthy controls (HCs), who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and clinical evaluation. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the behavioural significance and interactive effects of obsessive-compulsive and anxiety symptoms on the hippocampus functional connectivity (HFC). The mediation analysis model was used to explore whether the hippocampus functional connectivity (FC) network indirectly mediated the relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and anxiety.Results Results showed that the FCs with the cerebellum, middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) were increased in the hippocampus FC network in patients with OCD compared with those in HCs. The regions of interactive effects between anxiety and obsession, which are mainly located in the prefrontal cortex and MTG, were positively correlated.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-alpha-phosphatidylcholine.html  The mediation effect is 0.018 between obsession and anxiety on the HFC networks in patients with OCD.Conclusions The FC between the hippocampus and MTG plays a key role in the relationship between anxiety and obsession.