This work was designed to develop the chitosan-based melatonin layer-by-layer assembly (CMLLA) via the inclusion method. The structural characterizations and interaction present in CMLLA were investigated by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The ratio of chitosan (CH) to carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) greatly influenced the mechanical properties, including the tensile strength, moisture content and color performance. Results showed that both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of CMLLA were enhanced with the addition of melatonin (MLT). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the CMLLA with 1.2 % (w/v) CH, 0.8 % (w/v) CMC and 50 mg/L MLT better contributed to the delay of chlorophyll degradation and the maintenance of shelf-life quality. Results from this study might open up new insights into the approaches of quality improvement of postharvest fresh products by incorporating the natural antioxidant compounds into natural polymers. In this study, we provide a photocurable chitosan bioink (CHI-MA), which can be used for the digital light processing (DLP) technology. The CHI-MA precursors were facilely synthesized by grafting chitosan molecular chains with methacryloyl groups. We investigated the effect of parameters, including the concentration and substitution degree (DS) of CHI-MA, on the rheology and the photocuring of bioinks and the mechanical property of photo-crosslinked gels. Using the CHI-MA with a high DS (33.6 %), the curing time to print a 150 μm thick hydrogel layer can be controlled within a reasonable short time period. Additionally, the cytotoxicity test shows that both the photocuring process and the photo-crosslinked hydrogels exhibit an excellent biocompatibility. Through the DLP printing, the CHI-MA bioink can be processed into complex 3D hydrogel structures with high-resolution, high-fidelity and good biocompatibility. It indicates that the photocurable CHI-MA would be a good bioink suitable for the DLP printing. A water-soluble neutral polysaccharide (SDQCP-1) was isolated from fruit bodies of Cordyceps militaris cultivated on hull-less barley. SDQCP-1 was composed of mannose, glucose and galactose in the mole ratio of 13.31.09.7, with an average molecular weight of 19.3 kDa. Based on results from methylation analysis, GC-MS and NMR, SDQCP-1 was elucidated to be a glucogalactomannan with a backbone composed of (1→2)-α-D-Manp (48.4 %) and (1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp (1.2 %) residues. Its side chains were branched at O-6 position of (1→2)-α-D-Manp mainly by (1 → 2)-β-D-Galf or (1 → 6)-α-D-Manp residues which were terminated mainly with α-D-Galf, α-D-Galp residues. Besides exhibiting a good antioxidant capacity with an ORACFL value of 24.7 mmol Trolox/g and a TEAC value of 202.4 μmol Trolox/g, SDQCP-1 also could stimulate macrophages to release NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10, and mainly induced M1 polarization of macrophages. The findings indicated that SDQCP-1, from C. militaris cultivated on hull-less barley, could be used as potential natural antioxidant and immunomodulator in functional foods or medicine. This study aimed at decontamination of seeds destined for edible sprout production from Listeria using chitosan (CS) coatings incorporated with synergetic lysozyme-nisin (LYS-NIS) mixtures. Low molecular weight (LMW) CS coating showed the highest potency against Listeria innocua, followed by medium molecular weight (MMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) CSs. The LMW CS film with LYS-NIS also caused almost 1.5-fold greater log reduction (∼5 log) in initial L. innocua load of broth culture than MMW and HMW CS films with LYS-NIS within 6 days. Moreover, LMW CS coating with LYS-NIS reduced the initial Listeria loads of inoculated mung beans, lentils, and wheats by 3.3, 3.4 and 4.1 log, respectively.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/aminooxyacetic-acid-hemihydrochloride.html  Antimicrobial coating did not affect seed germination rates considerably. The LYS-NIS addition increased yellowness and opacity of films, and caused limited changes in their mechanical and morphological properties. LMW CS coating with LYS-NIS reduces risk of listeriosis from sprouted seeds. To obtain chitosan (CTS) with narrower molecular weight distribution, CTS with weight-average molecular weight (MW) of 197.30 kDa was first metal complexed and then degraded into five CTSs with MW of 107.90, 56.48, 10.40, 5.67 (CTS-4) and 3.66 kDa. Decrease of MW did not cause a significant change in chemical structure of the residue CTS, but the crystal structure was transformed significantly. The moisture retention increased firstly and then decreased as the MW of CTS decreased. CTS-4 was superior to CTSs with other MW and propylene glycol in terms of the moisture retention. The lower water activity and increase of net isosteric heat were observed in CTS-4, which was due to the migration of immobilized water to a bound-state caused by mounting newly formed chain-end hydrophilic groups per unit weight. CTS-4 could effectively improve moisture retention, showing a potential to substitute commonly used humectant such as propylene glycol. Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide and non-toxic bioactive polymer with a wide variety of applications due to its functional properties such as ease of modification, and biodegradability. In this study, a green protocol for in situ fabrication of ultrafine Pd nanoparticles on chitosan-encapsulated Fe3O4/SiO2-NH2 nanoparticles, without the use of any toxic reducing agents, is described. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4/SiO2-NH2@CS/Pd nanocomposite was investigated through Suzuki-Miyaura coupling to synthesize biaryl derivatives, and reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. The core-shell nanoparticle modified with chitosan highly stabilizes the exterior Pd NPs. Leaching test was performed to assure heterogeneity of the catalyst. The magnetically retrievable catalyst was recycled up to eight times in both reactions without significant loss in its activity. Human milk oligosaccharides play an important role in promoting healthy growth of infants. Goat milk was one of the alternative sources for producing oligosaccharides. An in-depth understanding the composition and the quantity of oligosaccharides in goat milk was needed for its better utilization. In the present study, oligosaccharides were identified and quantified by using UPLC-MS/MS. The elution condition of UPLC was optimized leading to successful identification of 64 oligosaccharides in goat milk. Furthermore, the method to absolutely quantify 6 oligosaccharides in goat milk had been developed. The oligosaccharides in Guanzhong, local breed in China and Saanen goat milk, were compared by using this method. Five oligosaccharides were significantly different between two breeds. The amount of 6'-sialyllactose was 3.3 times higher in Guanzhong goat milk than that in Saanen goat milk. Guanzhong goat milk could be a potential good source for producing sialylated oligosaccharides, especially 6'-sialyllactose.