Panax notoginseng (Bruk.) FH Chen is a valuable traditional herb in China, with saponins being the main medicinal components in its roots. However, leaf diseases are a major factor limiting growth and production of P. notoginseng. Melatonin is a ubiquitous signaling molecule associated with abiotic stress resistance. In this study, we investigated the role of melatonin in leaf disease resistance of P. notoginseng in field conditions. Additionally, saponin concentrations were analyzed to evaluate the suitability of melatonin use in agricultural practice. Our results showed that exogenous application of melatonin promoted the endogenous phytomelatonin accumulation via upregulation of genes involved in its biosynthesis. The application of 10 μM melatonin decreased the incidence of leaf diseases (gray mold, round spot, and black spot) by about 40% compared with the solvent control, which might have been due to the increased expression of genes associated with immunity and disease resistance. Furthermore, concentrations of saponins and expression of their biosynthesis-related genes were significantly increased by melatonin. Taken together, the data presented here suggested that melatonin could be used in agricultural management of P. notoginseng because it increased leaf disease resistance and biosynthesis of saponins.This study emphases on electrochemical detection of ciprofloxacin in sheep serum and runoff water using silver nanoparticle modified β-cyclodextrin (Ag-β-CD) composite. The Ag-β-CD composite was synthesized via a hydrothermal route, which resulted in a high product yield. Morphological and spectral characterizations of the Ag-β-CD composite were carried out. The Ag-β-CD composite was used to detect ciprofloxacin by employing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/2-aminoethyl-diphenylborinate.html  The Ag-β-CD modified electrode displayed excellent specificity towards the electro-oxidation of ciprofloxacin. Further, the sensor gave the best response towards the electro-oxidation of ciprofloxacin near the human physiological pH of 7.5. A linear response was obtained between the concentration range of 0.1 nM to 50 nM and the limit of detection (LOD) at 0.028 nM with high sensitivity and selectivity towards ciprofloxacin oxidation. The current work has a rationally synthesized and characterized nanocomposite with a very high potential for rapid and sensitive detection of ciprofloxacin in spiked sheep blood serum and domestic runoff water samples. High sensitivity and low LOD results illustrate good practicability for the detection of ciprofloxacin in such samples in the near future.
  The aim of the present systematic literature review was to determine results and complications in subtalar arthroereisis for stage-2 adult-acquired flatfoot.
 
  A search of the PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane and Embase databases used MeSH terms "arthroereisis" AND "flatfoot" OR "adult acquired flatfoot" OR "pes planovalgus" OR "pes planus". Two of the authors analyzed 125 articles. After reading titles and Abstracts, 105 articles were read in full text and their references were analyzed. Finally, 12 articles were selected and divided into 2 groups isolated and associated arthroereisis.
 
  Improvement in functional scores was greater in associated arthroereisis. Whether isolated or associated, arthroereisis achieved radiologic correction. However, the rate of complications was high, mainly concerning tarsal sinus pain.
 
  Subtalar arthroereisis for stage-2 adult-acquired flatfoot is rarely performed in isolation. When it is associated to other procedures, good radiologic and clinical results can be expected.
 
  IV.
 IV.
  The first patient-specific biomechanical model for planning the surgical reduction of acetabular fractures was developed in our institution and validated retrospectively. There are no prior studies showing its effectiveness in terms of reduction quality, operative duration and intraoperative bleeding. Therefore, we performed a case control study aiming to 1) evaluate the effect of preoperative simulation by patient-specific biomechanical simulator on the operating time and intraoperative bleeding, 2) evaluate the effect of preoperative simulation by patient-specific biomechanical simulator on the quality of reduction.
 
  All patients operated on between January 2019 and June 2019 after planning by biomechanical simulation were included in this case-control study. Each patient included was matched to 2 controls from our database (2015-2018) according to age and fracture-type. DICOM data were extracted from the preoperative high-resolution scanners to build a three-dimensional model of the fracture by semi-aut postoperative neurological complication was recorded in the control group (sensory deficit of the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh).
 
  This study confirms the promising results of preoperative planning in acetabular trauma surgery based on patient-specific biomechanical simulation as well as its feasibility in routine clinical practice. By providing a better understanding of the fracture and its behavior, a reduction in intraoperative bleeding and in operative duration is achieved.
 
  III; Case-control study.
 III; Case-control study.
  The tip-apex distance (TAD) is the only predictor for mechanical failure after internal fixation of trochanteric fractures. The main objective of our study was to assess whether the intraoperative visual estimation of the TAD concurred with the measurement taken on postoperative digital X-rays. We hypothesized that there was a good concordance between these 2 different methods of measurement.
 
  Patients with an isolated trochanteric fracture were included in our study. A hardcopy of the intraoperative X-rays were printed, and the TAD was calculated manually. Radiological and clinical follow-ups were scheduled at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months during which numerical measurements of the TAD were taken. We also recorded the fracture type (AO/OTA classification), degree of osteoporosis (Singh index), surgeon experience, age and ASA score.
 
  A total of 98 patients were included in our study. Of these, 70 had a 6-month follow-up and interpretable postoperative X-rays. The mean age was 87 years, with 77.14% women and a mean ASA score of 3.