https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ifsp1.html Spinal anesthesia is preferred over general anesthesia.BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-seropositive donor hearts are underutilized for orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). The advancement of direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA) treatment for HCV makes utilizing HCV-seropositive and viremic donor organs in HCV-seronegative recipients a possibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS From 1997 to 2019, adult patients who underwent OHT at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Ten HCV-seronegative patients received HCV-seropositive donor hearts, 3 of which tested nucleic acid-positive. Kaplan-Meier curves were performed for survival analyses. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. RESULTS Recipient median age was 57.5 years old, and 2 (20%) were female. Donor median age was 42 years old, and 3 (30%) were female. One donor was cured from HCV with DAA prior to OHT. Four recipients developed hepatitis C viremia immediately after OHT. DAA treatment was completed in 3 recipients who demonstrated cure. Thirty-day and 1-year survival rates were both 80%. CONCLUSIONS We describe 10 HCV-seronegative patients who received HCV-seropositive donor hearts at our institution, with excellent short-term outcomes, even in those who received nucleic acid testing positive organs. DAA can be effective in treating hepatitis C viremia before and after OHT, with excellent recipient survival. Large clinical studies are needed to further evaluate the long-term outcomes of DAA therapy in patients after heart transplantation.Whether disc aging is influenced by factors beyond its local environment is an important unresolved question. Here we performed heterochronic parabiosis in mice to study the effects of circulating factors in young and old blood on age-associated intervertebral disc degeneration. Compared to young isochronic pairs (Y-Y), young mice paired with old mice (Y-O) showed significant increases in levels of disc MMP-13