In addition, we observed pathway- and protein-specific changes predominantly at the end of day, whereas few changes were observed exclusively in the morning. Comparison of the proteome data with the matching transcript data revealed gene- and protein-specific responses, with several chloroplast-localized proteins decreasing in abundance despite increased gene expression under FL. Together, our data shows moderate but widespread alterations of protein abundance during acclimation to FL and suggests an important role of post-transcriptional regulation of protein abundance. Copyright © 2020 Niedermaier, Schneider, Bahl, Matsubara and Huesgen.Summary Genotype Query Tools (GQT) were developed to discover disease-causing variations from billions of genotypes and millions of genomes, processes data at substantially higher speed over other existing methods. While GQT has been available to a wide audience as command-line software, the difficulty of constructing queries among non-IT or non-bioinformatics researchers has limited its applicability. To overcome this limitation, we developed webGQT, an easy-to-use tool with a graphical user interface. With pre-built queries across three modules, webGQT allows for pedigree analysis, case-control studies, and population frequency studies. As a package, webGQT allows researchers with less or no applied bioinformatics/IT experience to mine potential disease-causing variants from billions. Results webGQT offers a flexible and easy-to-use interface for model-based candidate variant filtering for Mendelian diseases from thousands to millions of genomes at a reduced computation time. Additionally, webGQT provides aervers. The application is available for installation at https//github.com/arumds/webgqt. Copyright © 2020 Arumilli, Layer, Hytönen and Lohi.With the demand for genomic investigations increasing, medical specialists will need to, and are beginning to, practice genomic medicine. The need for medical specialists from diverse specialties to be ready to appropriately practice genomic medicine is widely recognised, but existing studies focus on single specialties or clinical settings. We explored continuing education needs in genomic medicine of a wide range of medical specialists (excluding genetic specialists) from across Australia. Interviews were conducted with 86 medical specialists in Australia from diverse medical specialties.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/benzylpenicillin-potassium.html  Inductive content analysis categorized participants by career stage and genomics experience. Themes related to education needs were identified through constant comparison and discussion between authors of emerging concepts. Our findings show that participants believe that experiential learning in genomic medicine is necessary to develop the confidence and skills needed for clinical care. The main themes reported are tailorrts within their own medical specialty who have gained genomics expertise for specific and contextualized support as they develop the skills and confidence to practice genomic medicine. These findings highlight the need to include opportunities for experiential learning in continuing education. Concepts identified in these interviews can be tested with a larger sample of medical specialists to ascertain representativeness. Copyright © 2020 McClaren, Crellin, Janinski, Nisselle, Ng, Metcalfe and Gaff.Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including linear lncRNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs), exhibit a surprising range of structures. Linear lncRNAs and circRNAs are generated by different pathways. Linear lncRNAs perform functions that depend on their specific sequences, transcription, and DNA elements of their gene loci. In some cases, linear lncRNAs contain a short open reading frame encoding a peptide. circRNAs are covalently closed RNAs with tissue-specific and cell-specific expression patterns that have recently been extensively investigated. Pioneering work focusing on their biogenesis and functional characterization indicates that circRNAs regulate cell development via multiple mechanisms and play critical roles in the immune system. Furthermore, circRNAs in exosomes function on target cells. As with linear lncRNAs, specific circRNAs can also be translated. In this review, we summarize current understanding and highlight the diverse structure, regulation, and function of linear lncRNAs and circRNAs. Copyright © 2020 Qin, Li and Zhang.Background Schizophrenia risk genes are widely investigated, but a systemic analysis of miRNAs contributing to schizophrenia is lacking. Methods Schizophrenia-associated genetic loci profiles were derived from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) dataset. Experimentally confirmed relationships between miRNAs and their target genes were retrieved from a miRTarBase. A competitive gene set association analysis for miRNA-target regulations was conducted by the Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA) and further validated by literature-based functional pathway analysis using Pathway Studio. The association between the targets of three miRNAs and schizophrenia was further validated using a GWAS of antipsychotic treatment responses. Results Three novel schizophrenia-risk miRNAs, namely, miR-208b-3p, miR-208a-3p, and miR-494-5p, and their targetomes converged on calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNA1C) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), and these are well-known contributors to schizophrenia. Both miR-208a-3p and miR-208b-3p reduced the expression of the RNA-binding protein Quaking (QKI), whose suppression commonly contributes to demyelination of the neurons and to ischemia/reperfusion injury. On the other hand, both QKI and hsa-miR-494-5p were involved in gliomagenesis. Conclusion Presented results point at an orchestrating role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The sharing of regulatory networks between schizophrenia and other pathologies may explain higher cardiovascular mortality and lower odds of glioma previously reported in psychiatric patients. Copyright © 2020 Cao, Baranova, Yue, Yu, Zhu, Zhang and Liu.