The purpose of this report is to demonstrate the successful application of virtual reality to improve physical therapy in the pediatric cardiovascular intensive care unit. Early mobilization and cognitive stimulation improve morbidity of critically ill children. However, maintaining child engagement with these therapies can be challenging, especially during extended intensive care stays.
 
  While virtual reality has been successfully used as an analgesic and anxiolytic in the cardiovascular intensive care unit, this report demonstrates its novel use as a tool to augment physical therapy for a child who had been debilitated after heart transplantation. Virtual reality encouraged the child to engage in physical therapy sessions, participate for greater durations, and directly address barriers to discharge.
 
  While further studies are needed to define best practice, this report demonstrates that virtual reality can be safely used for carefully selected and monitored children in critical care.
 While further studies are needed to define best practice, this report demonstrates that virtual reality can be safely used for carefully selected and monitored children in critical care.
  The purpose of this case report was to investigate the application of a 3-dimensional (3D)-printed prosthetic hand to improve a child's participation, confidence, and satisfaction in gymnastic classes, specifically, horizontal bar-related skills.
 
  A 9-year-old child was unable to participate in horizontal bar-related gymnastic skills due to a congenital hand deficiency. A prosthetic hand was designed, 3D printed, modified repeatedly, and incorporated into a program, which resulted in improvements in the child's ability to participate in gymnastics.
 
  Using a 3D-printed upper limb prosthetic hand improved the child's participation, confidence, and satisfaction in her gymnastic classes permitting use of horizontal bar. To progress to higher-intensity activities, further safety measures and testing of the prosthetic hand are needed.
 
  A 3D-printed prosthetic hand was manufactured and customized allowing closely monitored, gradually increased, participation in horizontal bar gymnastics.
 A 3D-printed prosthetic hand was manufactured and customized allowing closely monitored, gradually increased, participation in horizontal bar gymnastics.This perspective article advocates for pediatric physical therapists to increase their role and visibility in the primary and secondary prevention of chronic pain during 2 critical developmental periods infancy and early adolescence. The opioid epidemic and the disabling aspects of chronic pain are adversely affecting children and their families. Health care disciplines are adopting measures that address risk factors for the development of chronic pain in children, including strategies to minimize acute procedural pain and parental education to reinforce healthy pain-coping behaviors. Pediatric physical therapists are uniquely positioned to develop and adopt strategies to aid in this effort. They routinely screen and evaluate children for developmental delays and work with children who are at increased risk for developing chronic pain as a sequela of their health condition or as a consequence of painful medical procedures.We propose that the collection of infant experiential and environmental data using smartphone surveys has the potential to fill a gap in foundational and clinical knowledge. To achieve this, these data need to be collected in a systematic way that is translatable globally. We can then begin to understand differences in child development and physical therapy from a variety of cultures and traditions.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Decitabine.html  An infant's development is shaped by experiences in everyday life, and everyday experiences vary around the world. Hence, it is important to quantify these experiences to better understand variability in developmental trajectories. Recent increase in smartphone access has made the capability of collecting infant experiential data more feasible around the world. We provide examples and suggestions for ways in which experiential and environmental data can be collected for future practice.
  To investigate to what degree functional physical therapy approaches are implemented in Norway when promoting gross motor skill acquisition in children with cerebral palsy.
 
  It was a national survey about current practice among Norwegian pediatric physical therapists. The physical therapists chose between 5 predefined approaches developed through practice descriptions by a convenience sample of 55 physical therapists.
 
  The distribution of the main approaches were functional training based on principles of motor learning, training of body functions and structures, manual stimulation of position and movements, addressing environmental factors, and conceptual methods. Working in the North and having more experience predicted less chance of using functional approaches. Most physical therapists frequently used other approaches as a supplement to the main approach, but not conceptual methods.
 
  Functional training based on principles of motor learning has become the method of choice in Norway.
 Functional training based on principles of motor learning has become the method of choice in Norway.
  The study's purpose was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Child Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) PA with the Youth Activity Profile (YAP) and examine its relationship to PROMIS measures of sedentary behavior and fatigue. The PROMIS Pediatric Activity (PA) measure is a newly developed, valid instrument used to collect data on children's lived experiences of short bouts of moderate to rigorous physical activity.
 
  Participants were ages 8 to 20 years attending a state fair. Child PROMIS measures-PA, Sedentary Behavior, and Fatigue-and the YAP were completed on an iPad.
 
  The PROMIS PA and YAP had a positive correlation. The PROMIS PA was not associated with sedentary behavior or fatigue measurements.
 
  As expected, the PROMIS PA and YAP measure-related PA constructs, the YAP focuses on energy expended while the PROMIS PA indicates perceived response to activity.
 As expected, the PROMIS PA and YAP measure-related PA constructs, the YAP focuses on energy expended while the PROMIS PA indicates perceived response to activity.