The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a tremendous health burden and impact on the world economy. The UK Government implemented the biggest lockdown of society during peacetime in British history at the end of March 2020, aiming to contain the rapid spread of the virus. The UK lockdown was maintained for 7 weeks, but the effectiveness of the control measures in suppressing disease transmission remains incompletely understood. A Bayesian SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infected-removed) epidemiological model was used to rebuild the local transmission dynamics of the spread of COVID-19 in nine regions of England. The basic reproduction number (R ) in England was found to be relatively high compared with China. The estimate of the temporally varying effective reproduction number (R ) suggests that the control measures, especially the forced lockdown, were effective to reduce transmissibility and curb the COVID-19 epidemic. Although the overall incidence rate in the UK has declined, forecasting highlights the possibility of a second epidemic wave in several regions. This study enhances understanding of the current outbreak and the effectiveness of control measures in the UK. This study enhances understanding of the current outbreak and the effectiveness of control measures in the UK. Hanseniasis is a public health concern in developing countries. Although a decrease in the number of new cases in Brazil has been reported, there is a prevalence above that recommended in some regions. Considering the goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) to accelerate towards a leprosy-free world from 2020, the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile and leprosy trends in the city of Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil. This retrospective cohort study analyzed the epidemiology and trends of hanseniasis between 2005 and 2018, monitoring socioeconomic and clinical epidemiological variables obtained from the Information System of Notifiable Diseases of Hanseniasis (SINAN) database. A total of 422 cases of hanseniasis (284 male, 138 female) were included. The questionnaire of six patients was incomplete. The highest number of cases (89) was recorded in 2006 (11.7/10,000 inhabitants). The borderline clinical form was most common, with 45.4% of cases. Throughout the historical series, the rate of annual percentage change in the detection of new cases and cases with grade 2 disability showed a decreasing profile, at -13.9 [95% CI -19.1, -8.2] and -13.1 [95% CI -21.8, -5.5], respectively. The same rates were observed in patients below 15 years of age. This study reflects the scenario in one reference center and data were obtained retrospectively. The incidence of hanseniasis in this reference center is declining gradually; however, the indicators show active disease transmission and late diagnosis. The incidence of hanseniasis in this reference center is declining gradually; however, the indicators show active disease transmission and late diagnosis. We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of Dieulafoy's lesion of the upper GI tract (UDL) hemorrhage among adult patients in the United States. UDL and non-Dieulafoy upper GI bleeding (UGIB) were identified from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and Nationwide Readmission Database using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification and Procedure Coding System codes. Multivariate logistic (binary) and linear (continuous) regressions were used to model dependent variables. The incidence of UDL hemorrhage was 1.6 of 100,000 persons. Patients with UDL and UGIB who required endoscopic therapeutic intervention had similar in-hospital (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], .77; 95% confidence interval [CI], .42-1.43; P= .41) mortality rates. UDL was associated with more severe systemic illness, including higher rates of mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.07-2.15; P< .05), hypovolemic shock (aOR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.08-2.08; P< .05), acute kidney injury (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.02-1.54; P< .05), and multiple endoscopies (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.28-1.93; P< .05) compared with other UGIB patients who required endoscopic therapeutic intervention. UDL was also associated with higher 30-day all-cause (aOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12-1.35; P< .05) and recurrent bleeding-related (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.45-2.06; P< .05) readmissions. The rate of successful endoscopic treatment was 96.81%. UDL hemorrhage is an uncommon but highly morbid condition. Current UDL treatment modalities are effective in reducing mortality. Further investigations are warranted to lower recurrent bleeding rates. UDL hemorrhage is an uncommon but highly morbid condition. Current UDL treatment modalities are effective in reducing mortality. Further investigations are warranted to lower recurrent bleeding rates. Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR) is an endoscopic intervention in which the duodenal mucosa is ablated by hydrothermal energy. DMR improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), most likely by altered duodenal signaling leading to insulin sensitization. We studied whether we could discontinue insulin use in T2D patients by combining DMR with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and lifestyle counseling. In this single-arm, single-center feasibility study in 16 insulin-treated patients with T2D (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]≤8.0%, basal insulin<1 U/kg/day, C-peptide≥.5 nmol/L), patients underwent a single DMR followed by a 2-week postprocedural diet, after which GLP-1RA (liraglutide) was introduced. Lifestyle counseling was provided per American Diabetes Association guidelines. https://www.selleckchem.com/JAK.html The primary endpoint was percentage of patients without insulin with an HbA1c≤7.5% (responders) at 6 months. Secondary endpoints were changes in multiple glycemic and metabolic parameters and percentagnseling, eliminated the need for insulin therapy in most patients with T2D through 18 months postprocedure, with adequate beta-cell capacity, while improving glucose regulation and metabolic health in all patients. A randomized-sham controlled trial is currently initiated based on these results. (Clinical trial registration number EudraCT 2017-00349-30.).