https://www.selleckchem.com/products/LBH-589.html The oscillatory activities from the amygdala and hippocampus were analyzed during fear memory retrieval compared with neutral stages. RESULTS Consistent with previous rodent studies, our results showed that the amygdala was involved in fear memory retrieval rather than neutral memory retrieval, while the hippocampus was involved both in fear memory retrieval and neutral memory retrieval. In particular, we found that there was an enhanced synchronized activity between the amygdala and hippocampus at beta frequencies (14-30 Hz), which suggested that enhanced synchronized activity at beta frequencies between the amygdala and hippocampus play a pivotal role during retrieval of fear memory in human. CONCLUSIONS Thus, our observation that the amygdala-hippocampal system contributing to fear memory retrieval in human with frequency-depended specificity has provided new insights into the mechanism of fear and have potential clinical relevance.BACKGROUND There is wide variation in the reported size of ruptured intracranial aneurysms and methods of size estimation. There is widespread belief that small aneurysms less then 7 mm do not rupture. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine the size of ruptured aneurysms according to aneurysm locations and methods of size estimation. METHODS We searched PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases using a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. We included articles that reported mean aneurysm size in consecutive series of ruptured intracranial. We excluded studies limited to a specific aneurysm location or type. The random-effects model was used to calculate overall mean size and location-specific mean size. We performed meta-regression to explain observed heterogeneity and variation in reported size. RESULTS The systematic review included 36 studies and 12,609 ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Overall mean aneurysm s