45 μmol g-1 of H2 was evolved within 60 min. Our findings suggest that the prepared nanomixture could be used as an efficient catalyst for removing spent dyes used in industrial processes and also as a catalyst for hydrogen gas production.Electrocoagulation (EC) was assessed for removal of acetaminophen and natural organic matter (measured as UV254) from river water. Process was assessed for time, electrode materials, inter electrode distance, and voltage. Best conditions for removal of acetaminophen and UV254 absorbance were 60 min reaction time, aluminum-aluminum electrodes, 2 cm inter electrode distance, and 9 V. Acetaminophen tested at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg L-1 showed that treatment efficiency decreased as the concentration increased. The main mechanism for removal of acetaminophen was H bonding with Al(OH)3 flocs; this was confirmed by XRD and FT-IR spectrum. Pseudo-second order kinetics model exhibited a good fit on experimental data for acetaminophen removal at different concentrations. Univariate ANOVA indicated statistically significant difference between treatments for acetaminophen removal (F2.76 = 136, P = less then 0.001). A significant linear correlation was found between UV254 absorbance and acetaminophen removal at different concentrations. Preliminary analysis suggest that EC will cost US$ 0.22/m3 for river water treatment. The lab-scale EC process was compared with a full-scale water treatment plant for removal of natural organic matter. Water treatment plant after multiple levels of purification was not able to fully remove UV254 absorbance whereas EC treatment showed good efficiency.A fast and easy method for trace metal extraction on sediments was developed in our laboratories. Three new stable S-metylbenzothiophenium salts were employed along with microwaves to modify the BCR protocol to obtain the concentration of metals of the first two fractions in only one step. The optimum conditions were obtained with 0.125 g of sediment irradiated at 250 W for 30 s at 120 °C, in 5 ml of an aqueous mixture of 10 mM of 1,2-dimethylbenzothiophenium tetrafluoroborate and 0.5 M of hydroxylamine chlorhydrate at pH 2. The method validation was carried out employing BCR 701. The extracted metals were determined by ICP OES. A student's paired t-test was applied with the reference method, giving satisfactory results.Salicylic acid (SA), a metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid is a monohydroxybenzoic acid a common non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) frequently detected in various aquatic ecosystems at concentrations up to 19.50 μg L-1 in surface waters near livestock farms and 59.6 μg L-1 in wastewaters. Little is known on the effects of short-term exposure of freshwater crustaceans to salicylic acid. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the effects of SA at concentrations of 5 μg L-1, 500 μg L-1, 5 mg L-1, 50 mg L-1 and 500 mg L-1 on the behavior (swimming speed, swimming height, distance travelled) and physiological endpoints (heart rate, mandible movement) of Daphnia magna exposed for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The results showed that SA inhibited the swimming speed, swimming height and distance travelled, heart rate and mandible movement at 5 mg L-1, 50 mg L-1 and 500 mg L-1 when compared to the control. On the other hand, SA at 5 μg L-1 and 500 μg L-1 transiently increased swimming speed and distance travelled after 24 h of the exposure, except for swimming height. Behavioral and physiological disturbances were observed much earlier than lethality. Our study showed SA at environmental levels may be an ecotoxicological agent imparing behavior and physiology of freshwater crustaceans.Atmospheric CO2 levels have been increasing with increasing industrialization.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk963.html  Studies have shown the growth response of various plant species to climate change and increasing CO2 levels, but variations in phytoremediation caused by elevated CO2 levels, especially in intercropping systems, have rarely been reported. The current study therefore revealed variations in the phytoremediation effect of Festuca arundinacea intercropped with Echinochloa caudata, a pernicious annual weed, exposed to various CO2 levels (280, 400, and 550 ppm). The biomass yield and Cd uptake capacity of monocultured F. arundinacea were found to increase with increasing atmospheric CO2 level, highlighting the promoted phytoremediation efficiency of this species under elevated CO2 levels. Elevated CO2 levels also significantly increased the dry weight of monocultured E. caudata but did not change the Cd content in various parts of the plant. However, the intercropping system decreased the biomass yield of belowground and aerial parts of F. arundinacea under all treatments, since E. caudata competed with it for water and nutrients. The weight reduction of F. arundinacea in the intercropping system increased with increasing CO2 level, because elevated CO2 significantly increased the competitiveness of the weed. Therefore, the Cd phytoremediation efficiency of F. arundinacea intercropped with E. caudata exposed to 280, 400, and 550 ppm CO2 decreased by 46.1%, 81.5%, and 215.0%, respectively, as evidenced by the decreased dry weight of F. arundinacea. Therefore, elevated CO2 levels could decrease the phytoremediation effect of F. arundinacea in fields where weed growth is unavoidable.In this work, kaolin/steel slag particle electrodes (KSPEs) were synthesized using a calcination method, and they were used to degrade norfloxacin (NOR) wastewater in three-dimensional (3D) reactor. Characterization methods used by KSPEs included SEM, XRF, XRD and BET. The effects of cell voltage, initial pH, KSPEs dosage and initial NOR concentration on NOR degradation were studied in the optimization experiment of operating parameters. The NOR degradation rate and COD removal rate can reach 96.02% and 93.45% under the optimal parameters within 30 min, and energy consumption is 0.99 kWh m-3. As a result, KSPEs shows excellent catalytic performance and cycling, and still has high electrocatalytic activity after 10 cycles. Finally, the degradation mechanism and degradation pathways of KSPEs to treat NOR are proposed.