05). The contrast sensitivity of EDOF IOL was slightly decreased compared to that of monofocal IOL, but it was better than that of bifocal IOL. The EDOF group showed significantly higher satisfaction than the bifocal group did when preoperative corneal astigmatism was 0.75 or greater ( =0.009). A significant negative correlation between the corneal astigmatism and patient satisfaction was observed in only the bifocal group. The EDOF IOLs targeting slight myopia offered satisfactory visual outcomes at an extended range from far to near distances. The EDOF and monofocal IOLs showed a better tolerance to astigmatism than did the bifocal IOL. The EDOF IOLs targeting slight myopia offered satisfactory visual outcomes at an extended range from far to near distances. The EDOF and monofocal IOLs showed a better tolerance to astigmatism than did the bifocal IOL. To compare the corneal biomechanical properties between post-LASIK ectasia and primary keratoconus. A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients with matching age and central corneal thickness (CCT) were divided into two groups according to diagnosis of post-LASIK ectasia (PLE group;  = 21; age range 22-47 years) and primary keratoconus (KC group;  = 21; age range 21-47 years). The corneal biomechanical properties were assessed using Scheimpflug-based technology (Corvis ST; Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany). The paired -test and linear regression analysis were performed. The PLE group had significantly higher mean stiffness parameter at the first applanation (SP-A1; 76.65 ± 21.66 vs 52.72 ± 13.65, ≤ 0.001) and mean stress-strain index (SSI) (SSI 0.78 ± 0.16 versus 0.64 ± 0.12, =0.001) than the KC group. SP-A1 was positively correlated with CCT in the PLE group (Pearson's  = 0.816, ≤ 0.001), but not in the KC group (Pearson's  = -0.014, =0.952). No statistical correlation was observed between SSI and CCT in either group (Pearson's  = 0.292, =0.199, and Pearson's  = 0.004, =0.985, respectively). In our case series, KC manifested more severe than PLE in biomechanical properties. Since SSI measurements were independent of corneal thickness, it can be used for corneal biomechanical assessment. In our case series, KC manifested more severe than PLE in biomechanical properties. Since SSI measurements were independent of corneal thickness, it can be used for corneal biomechanical assessment.For the past several decades, synchrotron radiation has been extensively used to measure the spatial distribution and chemical affinity of elements found in trace concentrations ( less then few μg/g) in animal and human tissues. Intense and highly focused (lateral size of several micrometers) X-ray beams combined with small steps of photon energy tuning (2-3 eV) of synchrotron radiation allowed X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques to nondestructively and simultaneously detect trace elements as well as identify their chemical affinity and speciation in situ, respectively. Although limited by measurement time and radiation damage to the tissue, these techniques are commonly used to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional maps of several elements at synchrotron facilities around the world. The spatial distribution and chemistry of the trace elements obtained is then correlated to the targeted anatomical structures and to the biological functions (normal or pathological). For example, synchrotron-based in vitro studies of various human tissues showed significant differences between the normal and pathological distributions of metallic trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, and lead in relation to human diseases ranging from Parkinson's disease and cancer to osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Current research effort is aimed at not only measuring the abnormal elemental distributions associated with various diseases, but also indicate or discover possible biological mechanisms that could explain such observations. While a number of studies confirmed and strengthened previous knowledge, others revealed or suggested new possible roles of trace elements or provided a more accurate spatial distribution in relation to the underlying histology. This area of research is at the intersection of several current fundamental and applied scientific inquiries such as metabolomics, medicine, biochemistry, toxicology, food science, health physics, and environmental and public health.Antigravity water transport plays important roles in various applications ranging from agriculture, industry, and environmental engineering. In natural trees, ubiquitous water-flow over 100 m high from roots through the hierarchical xylem to leaves is driven by sunlight-powered continuous evaporation and the negative pressure. Inspired by natural trees, herein an artificial trunk-leaf system is built up to structurally mimic natural trees for a continuous antigravity water delivery. The artificial tree consists of directional microchannels for antigravity water transport, and a top leaf-like hybrid hydrogel that are acts as continuous solar steam evaporator, plus a purposely engineered steam collector. It is found that continuous uniform microchannels of acetylated chitin optimize and enhance capillary rise (≈37 cm at 300 min) and reduce vertical water transport resistance. A remote water harvesting, and purification is performed with a high rate of 1.6 kg m-2 h-1 and 184 cm in height under 1 sun irradiation and the collection efficiency up to 100% by evaporative cooling technique. It is envisioned that the basic design principles underlying the artificial tree can be used to transform solar energy into potential energy.The development of SnO2 and TiO2 polycrystalline nanofiber devices (PNFDs) has been widely researched as a method of protecting humans from household air pollution. PNFDs have three significant advantages. The nanofibers before the annealing process are polymer-rich materials, which can be used as particulate material (PM) filters. The multiporous nanofibers fabricated by the annealing process have numerous defects that can serve as generation-recombination centers for electron-hole pairs, enabling the PNFDs to serve as multiple-wavelength light (from 365 to 940 nm) detectors. Lastly, the numerous surface/interface defects can drastically enhance the toxic gas detection ability. The toxic gas detection range of PNFDs for CO(g) and NO(g) is from 400 to 50 ppm and 400 to 50 ppb, respectively. Quick response times and recovery properties are key parameters for commercial applications. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Staurosporine.html The recovery time of NO(g) detection can be improved from 1 ks to 40 s and the PNFD operating temperature lowered to 50 °C. These results indicate that SnO2 and TiO2 PNFDs have good potential for commercialization and use as toxic gas and photon sensors in daily lives.