Good or excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability were found for the overall scale and subscales of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. The values for the SEM (1.346) and MDC (3.73) were low, indicating that small clinical changes can be detected by the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. The correlations of the SC-IdFAI with FAAM and SF-36 were generally in agreement with the a priori hypotheses (85%, 34/40), suggesting the SC-IdFAI questionnaire has good construct validity. Moreover, the results suggest that the SC-IdFAI (ES = 1.123 and SRM = 1.554) has an acceptable level of responsiveness. Conclusion The SC-IdFAI scale may be an effective tool, and it is responsive, reliable and valid for the assessment of Chinese patients suffering from CAI.Background Health behaviours are shaped early in life and tend to occur in complex specific patterns. We aimed to characterise these patterns among Portuguese adolescents and their association with individual and contextual factors. Methods This study was based in the Portuguese 2009/10 survey of Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study, comprising 4036 adolescents.  https://www.selleckchem.com/ALK.html  Individuals were grouped using two-step cluster analysis based on 12 behaviours regarding diet, physical activity, screen use and substance use. The association between clusters and individual and contextual factors was analysed using multinomial regression. Results The median age was 13,6, and 54% were female. Overweight and obesity were highly prevalent (25%). We identified four behavioural clusters "Active screen users", "Substance users", "Healthy" and "Inactive low fruit and vegetable eaters". Sociodemographics varied across clusters. The "Substance users" and "Active screen users" clusters were associated with poor family communication, academic performance and school attachment and violent behaviours, and the "Inactive low fruit and vegetable eaters" were associated with lower socioeconomic status. Conclusion The understanding of these health-compromising patterns and their social determinants is of use to Public Health, allowing tailored health-promoting interventions. Further research is needed to understand how cluster membership evolves and its influence on nutritional status.Background A major focus of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is the rotational stability, especially in the patients with long axial length (AL). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes after implantation of TECNIS toric IOL in eyes with long AL and identify factors influencing their early-stage stability with preoperative corneal astigmatism. Methods The study population consisted of 64 eyes from 52 cataract patients, and these patients had preoperative corneal astigmatism between 1.0 and 3.7 diopters (D) and underwent phacoemulsification and TECNIS toric IOL implantation. Ophthalmic biological measurements were carried out preoperatively, including AL, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous length (VL), anterior chamber volume (ACV), sulcus-to-sulcus (STS) and keratometric value (K). Clinical examinations, including visual acuity, manifest refraction, keratometry, digital anterior segment photographs with pupillary dilation, were performed at 1 and 3 months af (p = 0.520), intraoperative IOL axial direction (p = 0.396), preoperative corneal astigmatism (p = 0.269) or the overlapped area between capsulorhexis and IOL optic intraoperatively (p = 0.131) . Conclusions The large CCC was a risk factor for toric IOL rotation. An appropriately smaller sized CCC was conducive to increase the rotational stability of TECNIS toric IOL implantation in cataract cases with long AL.Background We evaluated the role of CYP3A5, ABCB1 and SXR gene polymorphisms in the occurrence of acute kidney rejection in a cohort of pediatric renal transplant recipients. Methods Forty-nine patients were genotyped for CYP3A5, ABCB1 and SXR polymorphisms and evaluated with tacrolimus through levels in a retrospective monocenter study. Results Patients with the A allele of CYP3A5 treated with tacrolimus had a higher risk of acute rejection than those without the A allele, while patients carrying the homozygous GG variant for SXR A7635GG did not show any episode of acute rejection. Conclusion Genetic analysis of polymorphisms implicated in drug metabolism and tacrolimus trough levels may help to forecast the risk of acute rejection and individualize drug dosage in children undergoing renal transplantation.Background Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. Patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis with negative smear are recommended to undergo further tests including sputum induction and bronchoscopy. Our study is aimed to compare sputum induction and bronchoscopic specimens in the diagnosis of sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Method PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched for eligible studies. The pooled sensitivities (SEN), specificities (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were constructed, and the areas under the curves (AUCs) were calculated. Results Five studies with a total number of 586 cases were included. For mycobacterial culture, the SEN and SPE of sputum induction were 0.72(95% CI, 0.66-0.77) and 1.00(95%CI, 0.99-1.000) respectively, whereas the SEN and SPE of bronchoscopy were 0.70(95%CI, 0.64-0.75) and 1.00(95%CI, 0.99-1.00) respectively. Sputum induction had a similar AUC (0.9564, SE = 0.0749) with bronchoscopy (0.8618, SE = 0.1652) (P = 0.602). For specimen of acid-fast bacilli smear, the SEN and SPE of sputum induction were 0.35(95% CI, 0.29-0.42) and 0.99(95% CI, 0.96-1.00) respectively, whereas the SEN and SPE of bronchoscopy were 0.38(95% CI, 0.32-0.45) and 0.99(95% CI, 0.96-1.00) respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the AUC for sputum induction (0.6016) compared with bronchoscopy (0.8163) (P = 0.792). Conclusions For the diagnosis of sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, the diagnosis yield of sputum induction and bronchoscopy is similar.