https://www.selleckchem.com/products/asp5878.html 05). No significant difference in gene expression was observed for HIF-1ɑ. CONCLUSION Treatment with P4 after ovarian stimulation enhanced ovarian angiogenesis by increasing hormone levels and causing significant structural changes.OBJECTIVES This study evaluated taurine (TAU) effects on autophagy, apoptosis and oxidative stress in mice Leydig TM3 cells. METHODS We treated TM3 cells with TAU (100 µg/mL) or 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor) for 24 h, and assessed cell viability, testosterone level, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. RESULTS The results showed that TAU markedly increased cell viability, testosterone levels, expression of autophagy-related genes and percentage of LC3-II-positive cells. TAU significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increased the activities of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (Catalase) enzymes in the TM3 cells. TAU in the presence of autophagy inhibitor (3-MA) increased oxidative stress and decreased testosterone levels. CONCLUSION The results showed that autophagy might be involved in TAU-increased testosterone levels in mice Leydig TM3 cells.OBJECTIVE Our aim was to analyze the role of thyroid hormones in follicular fluid (FF) in relation to the number of oocytes retrieved in women recruited for an assisted fertilization procedure. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of 51 women 37.5±3.3 years, range 29-42, evaluated after a controlled ovarian stimulation protocol in a University Hospital. FF was sampled by transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration after ovarian hyperstimulation and we measured T3 (T3f), T4 (T4f), TSH (TSHf) and free T4 (T4ff). The oocyte maturation rate was calculated as Number of metaphase II oocytes/Number of oocytes retrieved x 100. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS-19 software. RESULTS Hormone levels in FF were TSHf 1.3µIU/ml (0.4 - 2.7), T3f 1.52±0.46 nmol/L, T4f 88.8±3