Ileocolic intussusception is the invagination of ileum into the colon. In a subset of patients, the disease is caused by mesenteric lymphadenopathy in response to (viral) infection. We present a case of an ileocolic intussusception necessitating surgery in a 7-month old immunocompetent infant with concurrent primary wild-type varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection, who developed chickenpox rash two days post-surgery. Detailed in situ analyses of resected intestine for specific cell type markers and VZV RNA demonstrated VZV-infected lymphocytes and neurons in the gut wall and in ganglion cells of the myenteric plexus. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Previous studies have provided evidence for an alteration of genetic coexpression in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, such analyses have thus far lacked biological specificity for individual genes, which may be critical for identifying illness-relevant effects. Therefore, we applied machine learning to identify gene-specific coexpression differences at the individual subject level and compared these between individuals with SCZ, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and healthy controls. Utilizing transcriptome-wide gene expression data from 21 independent datasets, comprising a total of 9509 participants, we identified a reproducible decrease of BCL11A coexpression across 4 SCZ datasets that showed diagnostic specificity for SCZ when compared with ASD and MDD. We further demonstrate that individual-level coexpression differences can be combined in multivariate coexpression scores that show reproducible illness classification across independent datasets in SCZ and ASD. This study demonstrates that machine learning can capture gene-specific coexpression differences at the individual subject level for SCZ and identify novel biomarker candidates. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.Recent advances in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include the use of immune modifiers and monoclonal antibodies, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha inhibitors, anti-integrin agents, janus kinase inhibitors, and interleukin-12/23 inhibitors. These agents achieve higher rates of clinical remission and mucosal healing than conventional therapy. However, these therapies increase the risk of infections, including some vaccine-preventable diseases. Infections are one of the most common adverse event of immunosuppressive therapy. Thus, providers should optimize immunization strategies to reduce the risk of vaccine-preventable infections in patients with IBD. There are several newly licensed vaccines recommended for adults by the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. This review will focus on how gastroenterology providers can implement the adult immunization schedule approved by ACIP for patients with IBD. © 2020 Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages, and thus, confer great potential for use in regenerative medicine and biotechnology. In the present study, we attempted to isolate and characterize bovine tongue tissue epithelium-derived MSCs (boT-MSCs) and investigate the culture conditions required for long-term culturing of boT-MSCs. boT-MSCs were successfully isolated by the collagenase digestion method and their proliferative capacity was maintained for up to 20 or more passages. We observed a significant increase in the proliferation of boT-MSCs during the 20 consecutive passages under low-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium culture condition among the three culture conditions. These boT-MSCs presented pluripotency markers (octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (Oct3/4) and sex determining region Y-box2 (Sox2)) and cell surface markers, which included CD13, CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (MHC-I) but not CD11b, CD14, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD80, CD86, CD106, CD117, and MHC-II at third passage. Moreover, these boT-MSCs could differentiate into mesodermal (adipocyte, osteocyte, and chondrocyte) cell lineages. Thus, the present study suggests that the tongue of bovines could be used as a source of bovine MSCs. © 2020 The Author(s).Despite significant recent therapeutic advances, complete mucosal healing remains a difficult treatment target for many patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to achieve. Our review focuses on the translational concept of promoting resolution of inflammation and repair as a necessary adjunctive step to reach this goal. We explore the roles of inflammatory cell apoptosis and efferocytosis to promote resolution, the new knowledge of gut monocyte-macrophage populations and their secreted prorepair mediators, and the processes of gut epithelial repair and regeneration to bridge this gap. We discuss the need and rationale for this vision and the tangible steps toward integrating proresolution therapies in IBD. © 2020 Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Higher tumor expression of CD44, a marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in various cancers. However, the association between CD44 and poor OS remains inconsistent in glioma.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/vu661013.html  We aimed to evaluate the potential predictive role of CD44 for prognosis of glioma patients in a meta-analysis. METHODS Observational studies comparing OS of glioma patients according to the level of CD44 were identified through searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane's Library databases. Meta-analyses were performed with a random- or fixed-effect model according to the heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the influences of study characteristics. RESULTS Eleven retrospective cohort studies were included. Results showed that increased CD44 expression in tumor predicted poor OS in glioma patients (hazard ratio [HR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.97, P=0.04). Subgroup analyses showed that higher tumor CD44 expression significantly predicted poor OS in patients with World Health Organization (WHO) stages II-III glioma (HR 2.