mended in major US and European guidelines according to CKD measures, when available.
 
  US National Kidney Foundation and the NIDDK.
 US National Kidney Foundation and the NIDDK.
  Male patients with breast cancer (BrC) have increased risk of developing 2nd-primary BrC (2nd-BrC). Given the relative rarity of male BrC, population-based registries are needed to analyze overall survival (OS) outcomes for these patients.
 
  Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry of patients diagnosed from 1975 to 2016, a cohort study of men whose only malignancy was BrC (BrC-O; 
  =6,475), and men who developed 2nd-BrC after initial BrC diagnosis (BrC-2; 
  =85) was performed. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 2nd-BrC, Kaplan-Meier OS and multivariable Cox regression modelling were performed.
 
  The SIR for 2nd-BrC was 32.95 (95%CI[23.85-44.38],
  <0.05). The majority (88%) of 2nd-BrC for BrC-2 were contralateral from 1st-BrC; suggesting the unlikeliness of miscoding local recurrences as 2nd-BrC for most patients. There was no statistically significant difference between rates of hormone (reported in 44%) or HER-2 (reported in 33%) receptor status between BrC-O and BrC-2, albeit with limited data. The 2nd-BrC for BrC-2 was significantly more likely to be localized or distant stage (rather than regional) than BrC-O. Median OS was 103 months (95% CI [99, 108]) for BrC-O and 62 months (95% CI [49, 128] after 2nd-BrC. When sub-grouped by BrC stage, and when analyzed by Cox regression, there was no significant difference in OS between BrC-O and BrC-2.
 
  Patients with male BrC are at significantly increased risk of 2nd BrC, but they can expect similar post-BrC prognosis (versus those without 2nd-BrC), after adjusting for patient demographics and tumor characteristics known to affect OS.
 
  None.
 None.
  Controversy exists as to whether low-dose aspirin use may give benefit in primary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events. We hypothesized that the benefits of aspirin are underevaluated.
 
  We investigated 12,123 Caucasian patients presenting to hospital with acute coronary syndromes as first manifestation of CV disease from 2010 to 2019 in the ISACS-TC multicenter registry (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01218776). Individual risk of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and its association with 30-day mortality was quantified using inverse probability of treatment weighting models matching for concomitant medications. Estimates were compared by test of interaction on the log scale.
 
  The risk of STEMI was lower in the aspirin users (absolute reduction 6·8%; OR 0·73; 95%CI 0·65-0·82) regardless of sex (p for interaction=0·1962) or age (p for interaction=0·1209). Benefits of aspirin were seen in patients with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and in smokers. In contrast, aspirin failed to demonstrate a significant risk reduction in STEMI among diabetic patients (OR1·10;95%CI0·89-1·35) with a significant interaction (p <0·0001) when compared with controls (OR0·64,95%CI0·56-0·73). Stratification of diabetes in risk categories revealed benefits (p interaction=0·0864) only in patients with concomitant hypertension and hypercholesterolemia (OR0·87, 95% CI0·65-1·15), but not in smokers. STEMI was strongly related to 30-day mortality (OR1·93; 95%CI1·59-2·35).
 
  Low-dose aspirin reduces the risk of STEMI as initial manifestation of CV disease with potential benefit in mortality. Patients with diabetes derive substantial benefit from aspirin only in the presence of multiple risk factors. In the era of precision medicine, a more tailored strategy is required.
 
  None.
 None.
  A comprehensive evaluation of the burden of inflammation bowel disease (IBD) is important for identifying potential strategies to control the disease. We present results from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2017 of IBD at the national level, the trends in disease burden and its epidemiological features in China.
 
  Using the methods and results from GBD 2017, we describe the IBD burden based on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of lost (YLLs), the years of life lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in China estimated using DisMod-MR 2·1. We additionally evaluated the rate of DALYs at national locations in 2017.
 
  From 1990 to 2017, the cases, deaths, YLLs, YLDs and DALYs for IBD in China were from 1,047,991 to 2,665,081, from 5701 to 5198, from 188,814 to 107,373, from 157,581 to 394,887, from 346,396 to 502,260, respectively. Increasing trends were observed in prevalence (APC 2·9%), incidence (APC 1·1%), DALYs (APC 0·8%) and YLDs (APC2·9%). There were decreasing trends in mortality (APC -1·0%) and YLLs (APC -2·7%). As to the age-standardized rates of DALYs, it observed a decreasing trend (APC -0·78%). Similar trends were observed in men and women. The age-standardized APCs in incidence, mortality and rate of YLLs among women were higher than those among men. The age-standardized rate of DALYs was 27·51 per 100,000 in 2017.
 
  Between 1990 and 2017, China experienced a decrease in the age-standardized DALYs, mortality rates and YLLs due to IBD, despite an increase in the age-standardized rate of prevalence, incidence and YLDs.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/vt107.html  China is still one of the low endemic areas.
 
  This work had no supporting funding
  
 This work had no supporting funding.
  Typhoid causes significant mortality among young children in resource-limited settings. Conjugate typhoid vaccines could significantly reduce typhoid-related child deaths, but only one WHO-prequalified typhoid conjugate vaccine exists for young children. To address this gap, we investigated the safety, immunogenicity and dose-scheduling of Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine among children aged 6-23 months.
 
  In this single center, observer blind, phase II trial, participants were randomly assigned (221) to receive one or two doses of Vi-DT or comparator vaccine. Anti-Vi IgG titer and geometric mean titers (GMT) were determined at 0, 4, 24 and 28 weeks. Data were analyzed using per-protocol and immunogenicity (a subset of intention-to-treat analysis) sets. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03527355).
 
  Between April and July 2018, 285 children were randomized; 114 received one or two doses of Vi-DT while 57 received comparator. 277 completed the study follow-up per protocol; 112 and 110 from single- and two-dose Vi-DT schedules, respectively and 55 from the placebo group were included in the per protocol analysis.