Objective To assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among diabetic outpatients in 2 hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods This institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018. A systematic random-sampling technique was used to select study participants. Depression was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression. Logistic regression analysis was used, and strength of the association was presented as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI; P. Results The prevalence of depression among patients with diabetes was 37.8% (95% CI, 33.2%-42.6%). Female sex (AOR = 5.33, 95% CI, 3.05-9.33), type 2 diabetes mellitus (AOR = 3.28, 95% CI, 1.69-6.36), comorbid disease (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI, 1.39-5.83), current substance use (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI, 0.42-7.29), high fear of complications (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI, 1.05-2.93), and poor social support (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI, 1.03-3.67) were significantly associated with depression. Conclusions In the current study, the prevalence of depression among diabetic outpatients was higher than that of studies conducted in other settings.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/resatorvid.html  Depression was significantly associated with female sex, rural residency, type 2 diabetes mellitus, duration of illness > 6 years, high fear of complications, and poor social support. © Copyright 2020 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.Hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy is a rare form of dilated cardiomyopathy. The authors here present two cases in which symptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy was the result of severe hypocalcaemia. First, we report about a 26-year-old woman with primary hypoparathyroidism and then about a 74-year-old man with secondary hypoparathyroidism following a thyroidectomy. In both cases, the left ventricular systolic function improved after calcium supplementation. In the first case, a lack of compliance led to a repeated decrease of both serum calcium level and left ventricular systolic function. The authors also present a comprehensive summary of all cases of hypocalcaemic dilated cardiomyopathy that have been described in literature to date. The mean age of the affected patients was 48.3 years, of which 62% were female patients. The most common causes of hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy are primary hypoparathyroidism (50%) and post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism (26%). In the post-thyroidectomy subgroup, the median time for the development of hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy is 10 years (range 1.5 months to 36 years). Hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy leads to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in 87% of patients. Generally, the most common complications of hypoparathyroidism and/or hypocalcaemia are cerebral calcifications, cognitive deficit, and cataracts. Once calcium supplementation is administered, the disease has a good prognosis and, in most individuals, a significant improvement (21%) or even normalization (74%) of the left ventricular systolic function occurs. © 2020 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.OBJECTIVE The development of type 2 diabetes as a result of insulin resistance in various tissues, including skeletal muscle and liver. ApoM plays an important role in the function of HDL and also affects hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether apoM overexpression modulates glucose metabolism and improves insulin sensitivity. METHODS AND RESULTS The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were transfected with adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding rat apoM gene (AAV-apoM group) or control blank (AAV-NC group). The results show that apoM mRNA and protein were significantly overexpressed in the pancreas tissues. Overexpression of apoM decreased fasting blood glucose and random blood glucose, improved glucose tolerance, and increased body weight and insulin level in GK rats. The glucose infusion rate (GIR) of rats in the AAV-apoM group during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp test was 1.04, 1.23 and 1.95 times higher than that in the AAV-NC group at 1 to 3 weeks after injection of AAV, respectively. A Wes-ProteinSimple assay and quantification was performed to assess phosphorylated p-AKT/AKT protein levels in the muscle tissues of apoM-overexpressing GK rats, and they were found to be higher than those of the control group at the 7th week after AAV injection. CONCLUSION ApoM overexpression via adeno-associated virus gene transfer may improve insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in GK rats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.We previously documented that idebenone treatment in OPA1-Dominant Optic Atrophy (OPA1-DOA) led to some degrees of visual improvement in seven patients. We here present the results of a cohort study, which investigated the effect of off-label idebenone administration in a larger OPA1-DOA group compared with untreated patients. Inclusion criteria were OPA1-DOA clinical and molecular diagnosis, baseline visual acuity (VA) greater than/equal to counting fingers and treatment duration greater than 7 months. We found a significant difference between the last visit and baseline VA in favor of stabilization/recovery in idebenone-treated as compared to untreated patients. This effect was retained after controlling for confounders. © 2020 The Authors. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc on behalf of American Neurological Association.Small-scale actuators and propellers have benefited from advances in materials and manufacturing to become more lifelike. Inspired by animal species, multi-generational chemically powered artificial propellers that carry small versions of themselves and deliver them "on-the-fly" are described. The released replicas are capable of autonomous propulsion and propelling immediately after detachment. Release occurs without human involvement and relies solely on sacrificial layers separating the carriers and replicas. These layers are composed of transient natural polymers, which dissolve under the swimming conditions to release the confined replicas. Judicious selection of the responsive transient materials, layer thickness, and solution conditions (e.g., pH), leads to programmable delivery of the replicas. Finally, the ability of the same carrier propellers to carry and transport multiple generations of propellers and deliver them at predetermined times is demonstrated. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.