However, statistical analysis using Fisher's exact and binary logistic regression statistical test showed no significant relationship between genetic polymorphism of the CTLA-4 rs5742909 against risk factors for schizophrenia (P = 0.05; α = 5%). Conclusion SNP at rs5742909, C-to-T-allele transition, was not significant associated with the risk of schizophrenia. Copyright © 2019 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.Context Polymorphism on tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) gene rs120074175 can cause the synthesis of neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain to reduce up to 80%. Reduced serotonin in the brain can cause dopamine release to occur continuously. Excess dopamine in the brain may cause positive symptom of schizophrenia. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the genotype distribution of TPH2 rs120074175 gene on patients with schizophrenia at Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang Psychiatric Hospital, Indonesia, and the relationship between the genetic polymorphism of the TPH2 rs120074175 gene against risk factors of schizophrenia. Settings and Design This was a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods The method used was amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Whole blood from healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia, Wizard genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) purification kit (Promega, Fitchburg, Wisconsin), PCR master mix (Promega), ARMS-PCR primers, ddH2O, agarose (Thermo Scientific, Seoul, South Korea), Tris, Acetic Acid, EDTA (TAE) 1X, ethidium bromide, loading dye 6×, and DNA ladder (Thermo Scientific) were the materials used. Statistical Analysis Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and chi-square (χ2) tests were used. Results The results showed that both groups (healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia) at the Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang Psychiatric Hospital have a wild-type GG genotype (100%) without anyone having a mutant A allele. Conclusion TPH2 rs120074175 gene polymorphism was not associated with risk factors for schizophrenia. Copyright © 2019 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.Sausage is one of foods which must be confirmed halal to consumers. Meat is commonly used in producing sausages, especially beef. However, due to high cost of meat producer usually mixes the ingredients with other cheaper meats, such as pork. This study aimed to analyze the differences in the spectral profile of lard and beef in the sausages using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Lard and beef tallow was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus at ±70°C for 6 h with n-hexane. After extraction, lard and beef tallow was evaporated. Then obtained fats were stored in eppendorf and analyzed using FTIR spectrophotometer. The results were then combined with chemometrics such as Partial least squares (PLS) for the quantitative analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) for classification. PLS and PCA analysis was performed on 1200-1000 cm-1. The results of the analyzed PLS provided the linear regression equation y = 0.921x + 4.623 with R 2 = 0.985 and root-mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC) = 2.094%. External validation root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 4.77% and internal validation root-mean-square-error cross-validation (RMSECV) was 5.12%. The results of the PCA analysis showed the classification of different quadrants between 100% pork sausage and 100% beef sausage. Thus, it can be concluded that FTIR spectroscopy method combined with chemometrics can be applied to identify the presence of pork in the sausage. Copyright © 2019 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) caused by the dengue virus is one of the high-prevalence diseases in tropical countries, such as Indonesia. It has been highlighted that high-prevalence diseases are strongly correlated with high-treatment costs. In particular, Yogyakarta has been reported as one of the provinces with a high prevalence of DHF. This study aimed to estimate the cost of illness because of DHF and to analyze the correlation between the use of drugs with its cost and length of stay, with total hospital administrative cost at one of the private hospitals in Yogyakarta. A cross-sectional study was applied in this study by collecting patients' medical record and financial data, such as demographic characteristic, medication, length of stay, and direct medical cost health-care perspective. The numbers of dengue patients were applied in this study by considering 87 patients and 143 patients with DHF in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Indirect medical costs were collected from a questionnaire by 20 respondents. Spearman's statistical test was used in this study to conduct the bivariate test. The average direct medical cost from the perspective of health care in 2015 and 2016 in DHF patients with Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) insurance and non-BPJS insurance was US$243.6; US$363.41 and US$368.13; US$427.03. The indirect medical costs showed that the highest percentage productivity loss was US$70.98-212.95. Correlation between the numbers of drug with drug cost was significant (P less then 0.05) with correlation coefficient (value ρ) of 0.527 and 0.603. Correlation between lengths of stay with the cost of hospitalization was significant (P less then 0.05) with correlation coefficient (value ρ) of 0.375 and 0.562. It can be concluded that DHF has a relatively high cost of illness both in direct and indirect costs. Copyright © 2019 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.Context Schizophrenia ranks the top of all mental disorders with poor prognosis. Central Java Province is in the top five of schizophrenia incidents in Indonesia. Antipsychotic is the main therapy for schizophrenia, which is divided into 2, atypical and typical. The atypical antipsychotic is more preferable because of the minimal effect of the extrapyramidal syndrome but affects the blood pressure. Aims To analyze the blood pressure of schizophrenia inpatients during the pre and post-use of atypical antipsychotics in RSJ Prof.  https://www.selleckchem.com/Bcl-2.html  Dr. Soerojo Magelang. Settings and Design This study was an observational study with cohort retrospective methods. Methods and Material The research was approved and reviewed by the committee of ethics and law of Prof. Dr. Soerojo Mental Hospital. The inclusion criteria are those diagnosed with schizophrenia based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM IV), aged about 17-55 years old, receiving antipsychotic atypical therapy for at least 3 months.The exclusion criteria are inpatients who also receive antidepressants and antihypertension, have a history of cardiovascular disease and hypertension, and incomplete medical records.