The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on neonates remains largely unknown in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We provide an epidemiologic and clinical report of SARS-CoV-2 infections in neonates hospitalized in Bangladesh.
 
  Outborn neonates admitted to Dhaka Shishu Hospital, a tertiary-care referral hospital, between 29 March and 1 July were screened for SARS-CoV-2. We reviewed clinical data, including chest radiograph and laboratory reports, and conducted SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing. Patients were followed-up for 27-75 days. A subset of caregivers was also tested.
 
  Of 83 neonates tested, 26 were positive (median age 8 days). Most neonates were admitted with diagnosis unrelated to SARS-CoV-2 11 presented with serious non-communicable diseases, 7 with early-onset sepsis, 5 with late-onset sepsis and 2 with pneumonia. In 3 of 5 chest radiograph, infiltrates and ground-glass or patchy opacities were noted. Two neonates developed metabolic acidosis, one developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. Most SARSomes. This case series emphasizes the need to understand COVID-19 in neonates in LMICs and its indirect impacts.Coronavirus disease 2019 lead to wide-spread quarantines and cancelations. The impact of these measures on other, noncoronavirus disease 2019, infectious diseases was analyzed within Dane County, Wisconsin. The incidence of streptococcal pharyngitis and acute otitis media decreased during quarantine while gonorrhea increased. Quarantine had the expected result for infections spread via the respiratory route but a different effect from those transmitted through sexual activity.
  There is limited information on severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children.
 
  We retrieved data from the national database on SARS-CoV-2 infections. We studied in-family transmission. The level of viral load was categorized as high, moderate, or low based on the cycle threshold values.
 
  We studied 203 SARS-CoV-2-infected children (median age 11 years; range 6 days to 18.4 years); 111 (54.7%) had an asymptomatic infection. Among the 92 children (45.3%) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 24 (26.1%) were hospitalized. Infants <1 year were more likely to develop COVID-19 (19.5% of all COVID-19 cases) (P-value = 0.001). There was no significant difference between viral load and age, sex, underlying condition, fever and hospitalization, as well as between type of SARS-CoV-2 infection and age, sex, underlying condition and viral load. Transmission from a household member accounted for 132 of 178 (74.2%) children for whom the source of infection was identified. An adult when COVID-19 vaccines will be available.
  Although breast-conserving surgery is one of the standard treatments for breast cancer, few studies have assessed its recent implementation in China. We aimed to clarify the current real-world status of breast-conserving surgery in China.
 
  This cross-sectional survey relied on data collected by the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) to examine patients who underwent this surgery between January 2018 and December 2018. The survey was conducted using a uniform electronic questionnaire to collect information, including clinical and pathological data on these patients.
 
  Overall, 4459 breast-conserving surgeries were performed in 34 member units of CSBrS, accounting for 14.6% of all breast cancer surgeries performed in these units during the study period. In patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery with information on tumor size available, more than half (61.2%) of the tumors were smaller than 2 cm in diameter, and only 87 (3.2%) tumors were larger than 4 cm in diameter. Among patients who underwent breast-conserving surgeries, 457 (10.2%) patients received neoadjuvant therapy before the surgery.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/heparan-sulfate.html  Among patients with a reported margin width, 34 (2.0%) patients had a margin of ≤2 mm, and 1530 (88.2%) of them had a margin of >5 mm.
 
  This study demonstrated the rates of breast-conserving surgery in member units of the CSBrS, and introduced the characteristics and surgical margins of patients who underwent this surgery. This information helps describe the real-world status of breast-conserving surgery in China.
 
  chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900026841; http//www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=42783.
 chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900026841; http//www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=42783.
  Estrogen is involved in the pathophysiological process of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), in which epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role. Upregulation of aquaporin (AQP) 5, which is directly activated by estrogen, has been reported to promote EMT in multiple cells. This study aimed to examine the effects of AQP5 on estrogen-induced EMT in the prostate.
 
  Normal prostate (NP) tissue samples without any histopathological changes and BPH tissue samples with pathologically confirmed hyperplasia were obtained. An EMT cell model was subsequently established by adding estradiol (E2) to RWPE-1 cells, after which AQP5 knockdown was performed. Tissue morphological and immunohistochemical features were examined using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of AQPs, estrogen receptors, and EMT-related proteins. Cell proliferation was assessed and supernatants were collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to bited decreased EMT (TGF-β1 concentration 0.223 ± 0.041 ng/mL vs. 0.352 ± 0.021 ng/mL, P = 0.016; vimentin 0.675 ± 0.056 vs. 1.641 ± 0.120, P = 0.001; E-cadherin 0.159 ± 0.037 vs. 0.075 ± 0.030, P = 0.040) than E2-stimulated cells with non-related small interfering RNA (siRNA).
 
  Our findings suggest that estrogen induces BPH possibly by promoting AQP5 expression. Hence, AQP5 might be a novel target for modulating EMT in prostate epithelial cells.
 Our findings suggest that estrogen induces BPH possibly by promoting AQP5 expression. Hence, AQP5 might be a novel target for modulating EMT in prostate epithelial cells.The incidence and prevalence of asthma have increased remarkably in recent years. There are lots of factors contributing to the occurrence and development of asthma. With the improvement of sequencing technology, it has been found that the microbiome plays an important role in the formation of asthma in early life. The roles of the microbial environment and human microbiome in the occurrence and development of asthma have attracted more and more attention. The environmental microbiome influences the occurrence of asthma by shaping the human microbiome. The specific mechanism may be related to the immune regulation of Toll-like receptors and T cells (special Tregs). Intestinal microbiome is formed and changed by regulating diet and lifestyle in early life, which may affect the development and maturation of the pulmonary immune system through the intestinal-pulmonary axis. It is well-recognized that both environmental microbiomes and human microbiomes can influence the onset of asthma. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in the research of microbiome, its relationship with asthma, and the possible mechanism of the microbiome in the occurrence and development of asthma.