7, 95% CI = 2.0-3.6, P  less then  .001). Initial/middle insomnia was associated with a significant, 5.5-fold increased odds of suicide attempt in the past 6 months (OR = 5.5, 95% CI = 1.4-21.1, P = .013). Terminal insomnia was also a significant indicator of higher Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total (β = 0.12, P  less then  .001), positive subscale (β = 0.11, P  less then  .001), and general psychopathology subscale (β = 0.14, P  less then  .001) scores. There were no other significant associations between insomnia, suicidal thinking or behavior, and psychopathology.Conclusions Insomnia is associated with suicidal ideation, recent suicide attempt, and greater psychopathology in schizophrenia. Findings provide additional evidence that formal assessment of insomnia is relevant to the clinical care of patients with schizophrenia as an indicator of suicidal ideation and behavior, as well as symptom severity.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00014001.The choice from among approved treatments for relapse prevention in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is not symptom-driven. It is reasonable to speculate that the discomfort and distress associated with the experience of alcohol withdrawal symptoms (AWS) discourage abstinence and prompt continuation of or relapse into drinking. Adrenergic mechanisms may underlie many of the commonly experienced AWS. This allows the further speculation that drugs with antiadrenergic properties may attenuate AWS and thereby improve treatment outcomes in patients with AUD who attempt to quit drinking. In this context, the α1 adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin is a possible symptom-driven choice for patients with AUD who experience high AWS. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) results with prazosin and doxazosin have however been mixed, perhaps because the role of AWS was not considered in these. In this context, a recent large (n = 100) RCT found that prazosin, uptitrated to 16 mg/d, reduced drinking days, heavy drinking days, and average drinks per day; the benefits were observed only in patients with high AWS at baseline, operationalized as a Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol-Revised score of 3 or higher. Concerns about the internal and external validity of this study are discussed. How and when high AWS is determined is also a point of debate. If high AWS is a valid target for the symptom-driven choice of pharmacologic intervention for AUD, then a wide range of drugs merits study; in the long run, some of these drugs may be better tolerated than prazosin.In the treatment of schizophrenia, whereas clinicians tend to put great emphasis on symptom resolution and functioning as treatment goals, patients put greater value on well-being and quality of life. Many patients may experience more distress related to adverse effects than clinicians realize. Adverse effects are a frequent reason for nonadherence, which may lead to negative treatment outcomes, including structural brain changes, worsening symptoms, and increased treatment resistance when medication is resumed. By evaluating adherence and patients' reasons for nonadherence, clinicians can try to address problems such as adverse events that prevent patients from maintaining their medication regimens.Schizophrenia is a severe, lifelong disorder that affects cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning. Many individuals living with schizophrenia experience numerous relapses and ongoing impairment. To improve the clinical and functional outcomes for people with schizophrenia, clinicians should recognize the importance of adopting a patient-centered approach to treatment. Simplifying the medication regimen, using shared decision-making, and offering psychosocial interventions are strategies that may contribute to better outcomes.
  Stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) has been widely used to explore the epileptic network and localize the epileptic zone in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Accurate anatomical labeling of SEEG electrode contacts is critically important for correctly interpreting epileptic activity. We present a method for automatically assigning anatomical labels to SEEG electrode contacts using a 3D-segmented cortex and coregistered postoperative CT images.
 
  Stereotactic electroencephalography electrode contacts were spatially localized relative to the brain volume using a standard clinical procedure. Each contact was then assigned an anatomical label by clinical epilepsy fellows. Separately, each contact was automatically labeled by coregistering the subject's MRI to the USCBrain atlas using the BrainSuite software and assigning labels from the atlas based on contact locations.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mpi-0479605.html  The results of both labeling methods were then compared, and a subsequent vetting of the anatomical labels was performed byons across subjects.
 The method for semi-automated atlas-based anatomical labeling we describe here demonstrates potential to assist clinical workflow by reducing both analysis time and the likelihood of gross anatomical error. Additionally, it provides a convenient means of intersubject analysis by standardizing the anatomical labels applied to SEEG contact locations across subjects.
  Need for rescue therapy differs among patients with seizure clusters. Diazepam nasal spray is approved to treat seizure clusters in patients with epilepsy ≥6years of age. This analysis used interim data from a phase 3 safety study to assess safety profile and effectiveness of diazepam nasal spray using average number of doses/month as a proxy measurement.
 
  This phase 3, open-label, repeat-dose, safety study of diazepam nasal spray enrolled patients (6-65years) with epilepsy and need of benzodiazepine rescue. Patients were stratified by average number of doses/month (<2, moderate frequency; 2-5, high frequency; >5, very-high frequency). Safety was evaluated based on treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), assessed nasal irritation, and olfaction. The proportion of treatments given as a second dose was used as an exploratory proxy for effectiveness.
 
  Of 175 enrolled patients (data cutoff, October 31, 2019), 158 received ≥1 dose of diazepam nasal spray. Frequency of use was moderate in 43.7% of patients, high in 50.