Introduction We conducted an updated meta-analysis assessing the role of antibiotic envelopes in preventing Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED)-related infections as compared to standard infection prevention strategies. Methods A systematic search was conducted on Medline/PubMed and EMBASE/Ovid database. We used Mantel-Haenszel method with fixed-effect model to compute risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). We also performed subgroup and trial sequential analysis on the data. Results Antibiotic envelope reduced the risk of both all infections [RR 0.41, CI 0.31-0.54, P  less then  .05, I 2 = 75%, χ 2 P  less then  .05] and major infections [RR 0.48, CI 0.32-0.70, P  less then  .05, I 2 = 60%, χ 2 P = .04]. Conclusion Prophylactic use of antibiotic envelopes as an adjuvant therapy to standard infection prevention strategies, helps in reducing the risk of CIED infections. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Arrhythmia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society.Background Infections after cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) placement are associated with significant morbidity and mortality.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/a1874.html  The incidence of CIED is increasing overtime despite the optimal use of antimicrobial agents. This systematic review and meta-analysis will address the latest evidence on the use of AE to mitigate the risk of CIED infection, and which subset of patients will they benefit the most. Methods We performed a comprehensive search on topics that assesses antibiotic envelope and implantable cardiac electronic device up until August 2019. Results There were a total of 32,329 subjects from six studies. Antibiotic envelope was associated with a lower risk of major infection with OR 0.42 [0.19, 0.97], P = .04; I2 58% and HR 0.52 [0.32, 0.85], P = .009; I2 80%. Upon sensitivity analysis by removing a study, the OR became 0.40 [0.27, 0.59], P  less then  .001; I2 46%. Subgroup analysis for 12 months' infection was OR 0.65 [0.43, 0.99], P = .04; I2 49%. Meta-analysis of propensity-matched cohort showed a reduced risk of infection with AE (OR of 0.14 [0.05, 0.41], P  less then  .001; I20%). Mortality was similar in both AE and control groups. Antibiotic envelope reduced the incidence of infection in patients receiving high-power device (OR 0.44 [0.27, 0.73], P = .001; I20%) but not low-power device. Conclusion Antibiotic envelope (TYRX) was found to be safe and effective in reducing the risk of major infections in high-risk patients receiving CIED implantation, especially in those receiving high-power CIED. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Arrhythmia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society.Background The ANZACS-QI Cardiac Implanted Device Registry (ANZACS-QI DEVICE) collects nationwide data on cardiac implantable electronic devices in New Zealand (NZ). We used the registry to describe contemporary NZ use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Methods All ICD and CRT Pacemaker implants recorded in ANZACS-QI DEVICE between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2017 were analyzed. Results Of 1579 ICD implants, 1152 (73.0%) were new implants, including 49.0% for primary prevention and 51.0% for secondary prevention. In both groups, median age was 62 years and patients were predominantly male (81.4% and 79.2%, respectively). Most patients receiving a primary prevention ICD had a history of clinical heart failure (80.4%), NYHA class II-III symptoms (77.1%) and LVEF ≤35% (96.9%). In the secondary prevention ICD cohort, 88.4% were for sustained ventricular tachycardia or survived cardiac arrest from ventricular arrhythmia. Compared to primary prevention CRT Defibrillators (n = 155), those receiving CRT Pacemakers (n = 175) were older (median age 74 vs 66 years) and more likely to be female (38.3% vs 19.4%). Of the 427 (27.0%) ICD replacements (mean duration 6.3 years), 46.6% had received appropriate device therapy while 17.8% received inappropriate therapy. The ICD implant rate was 119 per million population with regional variation in implant rates, ratio of primary prevention ICD implants, and selection of CRT modality. Conclusion In contemporary NZ practice three-quarters of ICD implants were new implants, of which half were for primary prevention. The majority met current guideline indications. Patients receiving CRT pacemaker were older and more likely to be female. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Arrhythmia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society.Background Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited arrhythmic disease associated with an increased risk of major arrhythmic events (MAE). Previous studies reported that a wide QRS complex may be useful as a predictor of MAE in BrS patients. We aimed to assess the correlation of wide QRS complex with MAE by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We comprehensively searched the databases of MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to June 2019. Included studies were cohort and case control studies that reported QRS duration and the relationship between wide QRS complex (>120 milliseconds) and MAE (sudden cardiac death, sudden cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation, sustained ventricular tachycardia, or appropriate shock). Data from each study were combined using the random-effects model. Results Twenty-two studies from 2007 to 2018 were included in this meta-analysis involving 4,814 BrS patients. The mean age was 46.1 ± 12.8 years. The patients were predominately men (77.6%). Wide QRS duration was an independent predictor of MAE (pooled risk ratio 1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.04-2.30, P = .30, I 2 = 38.4%). QRS duration was wider in BrS who had history of MAE (weight mean difference = 8.12 milliseconds, 95% confidence interval 5.75-10.51 milliseconds). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that QRS duration is wider in BrS who had history of MAE, and a wide QRS complex is associated with 1.55 times higher risk of MAE in BrS populations. Wide QRS complex can be considered for risk stratification in prediction of MAE in patients with BrS, especially when considering implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in asymptomatic patients. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Arrhythmia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society.