https://www.selleckchem.com/products/elamipretide-mtp-131.html AIM To evaluate the antimicrobial, toxicity, and cleaning effectiveness of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Maleic acid (MA) alone and combined with cetrimide (CTR). METHODOLOGY Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were assessed on Chinese hamster cells V79 using the MTT, clonogenic, and micronucleus assays, respectively. The bacterial inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC, respectively) were determined on a strain of E. faecalis. Antimicrobial tests were performed on a biofilm model after treatment with the chelating agents by using a biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) assays. Quantification of cell biomass and percentage of live and dead cells in the biomass was assessed for each group. The percentage reduction of accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) after root canal preparation and final irrigation protocols was evaluated by micro-CT. Statistical tests of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Dage of AHTD on the entire root canal compared to the same solutions without surfactant. CONCLUSIONS 7% MA was less cytotoxic in comparison to 17% EDTA. The addition of CTR to EDTA and MA removed accumulated hard-tissue debris effectively from the canal walls and increased their antimicrobial activity when compared to the same solutions without detergents. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.In face of the current pandemic, universities are closing worldwide. In Brazil, as elsewhere, academic activities have been suspended in response to the Ministry of Health's recommendations to socially distance. This created risk of suboptimally utilizing the great potential students have to contribute to the COVID-19 response. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug being tested as a potential treatment for the novel coronaviru