trospective design and limited sample size preclude firm conclusions on subgroup analyses, but it appears that the prognosis is slightly better the earlier TAS-102 is introduced. Treatment durations are generally short, and early admission to a palliative care provider is recommended.
  Since year 2000 the diagnostic criterion for fast track (FT) referrals for patients with suspected colorectal cancer (CRC) is used in the UK. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is one of the diagnostic criteria. There is a strong evidence in the literature which suggests that Iron deficiency (ID) alone has a strong relationship with CRC. Non-anaemic Iron deficiency (NAID) and all other types of anaemia are investigated outside the scope of FT clinics. We postulated that patients with ID regardless of degree of anaemia have an increased risk of CRC. By confirming this hypothesis, we can broaden the scope of the diagnostic criterion for referral that can help to increase diagnostic yield of FT CRC services.
 
  A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted from a dedicated data for FT clinics from 2016-2018. Association between CRC and different forms of anaemia, Iron deficiency alone and bowel symptoms was determined.
 
  Patients with iron deficiency (low MCV, MCH and ferritin) regardless of degree of anaemia were found more likely to have CRC. Factors like age, gender, family history and bowel symptoms (except abdominal mass) showed a very weak association with CRC in patients with ID.
 
  ID without anaemia has a strong relationship with CRC and should be investigated with the same priority as IDA is investigated.
 ID without anaemia has a strong relationship with CRC and should be investigated with the same priority as IDA is investigated.
  We sought to determine the effect of topical application of 
  (black seed) oil, on the primary dysmenorrhea intensity.
 
  We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical trial on 124 female students, 18-22 years old, living in the dormitories of Sabzevar Universities. After a primary assessment, participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group rubbed two drops of 
  oil, and the second group rubbed liquid olive oil, as the placebo. Massage was performed on the fontanel lobe 3, at night, three days before menstruation, for eight consecutive days (about five days after menses). This procedure was repeated for three menstrual cycles. After three cycles, pain severity was measured by the visual analog scale. Data analysis was carried out using the Mann-Whitney U test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
 
  This study was conducted on 124 female students. The mean age of students, mean age of first menarche, body mass index, and pain severity were not significantly different in the two groups (
  > 0.050). No adverse effects were observed during the study. The results of ANCOVA showed that pain intensity in 
  oil group was significantly decreased compared to that of the placebo group (0.6 score; 
  < 0.050).
 
  .  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/camostat-mesilate-foy-305.html  
  could be a promising, safe, and easily available analgesic supplement in women suffering from primary dysmenorrhea.
 N. sativa could be a promising, safe, and easily available analgesic supplement in women suffering from primary dysmenorrhea.Iron needs increase exponentially during pregnancy to meet the increased demands of the fetoplacental unit, to expand maternal erythrocyte mass, and to compensate for iron loss at delivery. In more than 80% of countries in the world, the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy is > 20% and could be considered a major public health problem. The global prevalence of anemia in pregnancy is estimated to be approximately 41.8%. Undiagnosed and untreated iron deficiency anemia (IDA) can have a great impact on maternal and fetal health. Indeed, chronic iron deficiency can affect the general wellbeing of the mother and leads to fatigue and reduced working capacity. Given the significant adverse impact on maternal-fetal outcomes, early recognition and treatment of this clinical condition is fundamental. Therefore, the laboratory assays are recommended from the first trimester to evaluate the iron status. Oral iron supplementation is the first line of treatment in cases of mild anemia. However, considering the numerous gastrointestinal side effects that often lead to poor compliance, other therapeutic strategies should be evaluated. This review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence about the management of IDA in pregnancy and available treatment options.Metformin is a widely used biguanide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but potentially fatal entity in the pediatric age group, seen mainly in suicide attempts in adolescents. MALA has not yet been reported in younger patients or pediatric patients taking regular therapeutic doses. Here, we report a three-year-old female receiving therapeutic metformin who developed MALA. MALA should be suspected in patients with unexplained lactic acidosis and on regular metformin, especially in the setting of renal impairment or hypoxic events.
  The purpose of the study was to cross-culturally adapt the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) for Arabic speaking people and examine the test-retest reliability and the construct validity in Saudi older adults.
 
  Test-retest reliability was assessed over two testing visits occurring one week apart. The construct validity was examined between RAPA and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests.
 
  The original RAPA was translated into Arabic following standardized guidelines. For the test-retest reliability, the weighted kappa was 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.76-0.98), which indicates good reliability. There was a significant correlation between the Arabic version of RAPA and the SPPB (Spearman's correlation coefficients (r) = 0.536, 
  < 0.001), and the TUG test (r = -0.435, 
  < 0.010).
 
  The Arabic version of the RAPA questionnaire adapted for Saudi older adults provides an easy, valid, and reliable way to measure physical activity.
 The Arabic version of the RAPA questionnaire adapted for Saudi older adults provides an easy, valid, and reliable way to measure physical activity.