https://www.selleckchem.com/CDK.html Incidence rate ratio of hospital referrals was calculated. As a measure of safety, all patients diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism in the nearest hospital were evaluated to determine if they had undergone LCUS by a GP in primary care. Before training in 2014, there were 60 annual referrals due to a suspected DVT; in 2017, after training, the number was reduced to 16, i.e., a 73.3% decrease. The incidence of referrals decreased from 3.21 to 0.89 per 1000 person-years. (IRR 3.58, 95% CI 2.04-6.66, p < 0.001). No patient with a pulmonary embolism diagnosis had LCUS performed previously, indicating that there were no false negatives, resulting in pulmonary embolism. Teaching LCUS to GPs can safely reduce the number of patients with a suspected DVT referred to a hospital substantially. Teaching LCUS to GPs can safely reduce the number of patients with a suspected DVT referred to a hospital substantially. Past research suggests that people with opioid dependence show increased consumption of sweet food, but it is unclear if this is influenced by altered taste preference and/or taste perception. We tested whether people prescribed opioid substitution therapy (OST) exhibited a shift in preference towards sweeter flavours, and altered perception of sweetness, and explored whether these measures of taste preference/perception were associated with measures of opioid use. Three groups of participants (people prescribed OST, n=36; people with past opioid dependence, but now abstinent from all opioids, n=18; and controls with no history of substance dependence other than nicotine, n=29) provided ratings of "sweetness", "liking", and "desire" of 4 solutions with varying concentrations of sucrose. We did not find significant differences between groups in the effect of sucrose concentration on "sweetness", "liking", or "desire" ratings. However, among those prescribed OST, frequency of recent illicit opioid use wel finding that deserves further