BACKGROUND TNFSF9 gene has been found to play an anti-tumor role and regulate the function of immune cells. However, the prognostic role of TNFSF9 in pancreatic cancer and its relationship with immune cell infiltration have not been studied. METHODS We used Oncomine, UALCAN, and GEPIA databases to analyze the expression of TNFSF9 in pancreatic cancer.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/r-hts-3.html  We used Kaplan-Meier plotters, GEPIA, and UALCAN to evaluate the effect of TNFSF9 on clinical prognosis. We further used TIMER to study the correlation between TNFSF9 and cancer immune infiltrate cells. In addition, we used GEPIA to analyze the correlation between TNFSF9 expression and gene markers of immune infiltrate cells. RESULTS TNFSF9 mRNA expression level was remarkably increased in pancreatic cancer than that in normal tissues (both P  less then  0.05). In addition, high TNFSF9 expression was significantly related to poor overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in pancreatic cancer (OS HR = 2.02, P = 0.0012; RFS HR = 2.63, P = 0.022). Moreover, high TNFSF9 expression in pancreatic cancer patients was associated with worse OS in stage 1 to 2 but not stage 3 and stage 4. Specifically, TNFSF9 expression and CD8+ T cell infiltration of pancreatic cancer was negatively correlated. TNFSF9 expression showed strong correlations with M1 macrophages in pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that TNFSF9 is associated with prognosis and CD8+ T cell infiltration levels in patients with pancreatic cancer. Further, TNFSF9 expression potentially contributes to the modulation of M1 polarization of macrophages. These findings indicate that TNFSF9 can be serves as a prognostic biomarker in determining the prognosis of pancreatic cancer and is associated with different types of phenotypes of immune cell infiltration.The discovery of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression in 15-20% of gastric adenocarcinomas has been a key advance in the global care of this disease. Validated by the ToGA trial in the first-line setting of advanced HER2-positive (+) gastric cancer (GC), trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), was the first therapeutic agent to significantly improve the prognosis of these patients. Since these results, many attempts have been made to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with HER2+ GC. However, all the other HER2-targeting molecules have failed to show a survival benefit in large phase III studies. The value of continuing trastuzumab after disease progression has been suggested by several retrospective studies. However, recent results of a randomized phase II trial showed no benefit from this strategy. On the other hand, novel therapeutic methods, such as immunotherapy, are emerging as new tools in the strategy of care of advanced GC, even if their benefit in the specific HER2+ population remains undetermined. Furthermore, substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to resistance to anti-HER2 therapies, and in the screening methods to detect them, thus opening new perspectives. The aim of this review was firstly to summarize the existing data on the specific strategy of care of HER2+ advanced GC, and secondly, to describe current knowledge regarding the potential mechanisms of resistance to HER2-targeting therapies. Lastly, we report the prospects for overcoming these potential obstacles, from future therapeutic strategies to new detection methods.RéSUMé OBJECTIF Il est démontré que la santé est principalement le fruit de ses déterminants sociaux, et comme de fait, la recherche sur les systèmes de santé montre que les dépenses publiques relatives aux programmes sociaux sont souvent plus fortement corrélées à la santé des populations que les investissements dans les soins médicaux. Notre étude vise à aider les Cabinets provinciaux et fédéraux du Canada à en prendre acte en introduisant le concept de « la santé dans toutes les politiques » (Health in All Policies, ou HiAP) dans les débats budgétaires. MéTHODE L'étude est descriptive; elle analyse des données secondaires accessibles au public sur les budgets fédéraux et provinciaux pour déterminer comment le financement public des investissements dans les déterminants sociaux de la santé (DSS) aux stades précoces ( less then 45 ans) et ultérieurs (65 ans et plus) du parcours de vie a évolué depuis 1976 par rapport aux investissements dans les soins médicaux. RéSULTATS Les dépenses en soins médicaux ont ales déterminants sociaux de la santé pour tout le parcours de vie, ainsi que les plans de financement de ces investissements.Although the thoracic duct (TD) requires special attention during thoracic surgery, to our knowledge, its detailed course in the situs inversus totalis (SIT) case has not been reported. We encountered an 86-year-old Japanese female cadaver with SIT during a student anatomical practice and examine the TD. The TD originated from the cisterna chyli at the level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra, ascended along with the left side of aorta and then passed behind the aortic arch on the right side of the esophagus. The TD turned right at the first thoracic vertebra and finally emptied into the basal portion of the right external jugular vein without branching. The present running pathway of the TD was approximately in the inverted position of the normal, but its connection site to the vein and manner was very rare and has not been reported to date. Therefore, this junctional anomaly may occur during the developmental period in SIT. Further anatomical and embryological studies are required, but this report provides useful morphogenetic information of the TD and lymphovenous junction in SIT.Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP4) plays a key role in tumor development; however, its role in glioma pathogenesis has not been determined. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern of DPP4 and explore the association between expression and patient prognosis in glioma. DPP4 levels were investigated using qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot in a rat model of glioma and also in patient samples. The relationship between DPP4 levels, WHO pathological grade gliomas, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) status was assessed in patient samples. Our data indicated that DPP4 levels were markedly increased in a rat model of glioma (p  less then  0.05, p  less then  0.01) and aslo in patient samples. Furthermore, the elevation of DPP4 levels in the samples obtained from pateints was associated with the pathogical grade of glioma and the IDH1/2 status (p  less then  0.01, p  less then  0.001). High DPP4 levels decreased the survival probability of patients with low-grade glioma (LGG). The data from patient samples showed that DPP4 expression increased with the pathological grade.