Sigflow is an open source software under academic free license v3.0 and it is freely available at https//github.com/ShixiangWang/sigflow or https//hub.docker.com/r/shixiangwang/sigflow.
 
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
 Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.Multi-sectoral collaborative approaches with strong community engagement are essential for addressing health disparities. A valid tool for assessing organizational research and capacity for community health research stakeholders could help strengthen organizational capacity for engagement in such collaborations. This study was conducted to validate an innovative tool for assessing research activity and capacity of a spectrum of stakeholder organizations to provide support for strengthening community health research capacity in Bhutan.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/protac-tubulin-degrader-1.html  In-person interviews with academics (n = 10), clinicians (n = 10), government staff (n = 10), consultants (n = 2) and management of health-related civil society organizations (CSOs; n = 12 interviews/organizations, 13 individuals) were recorded and transcribed. Questions covered individual and organizational research activity and capacity, research networks and an international version of the Community Research Assessment Tool (CREAT-I). Almost all participants (84%) had participated in community health research projects. Social network analysis showed a large, interconnected cluster with a few key individuals linking across sectors. CREAT-I responses identified the highest capacity in organizational support for research among academic participants, while clinical and CSO participants reported highest capacity in practical research experiences and government participants reported highest capacity in research specific experiences. The CREAT-I tool showed strong internal reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.91) and validity. Limited money, time and skilled staff were identified as barriers to research. The CREAT-I assesses community health research capacity of organizations, and such a tool could be useful in identifying research capacity needs, monitoring impact of research capacity-building activities and contributing to a greater capacity for multi-sectoral collaborative approaches to community health research in international settings.This study aimed to assess current food safety gaps among small growers in Texas to identify key areas of focus for potential education and training materials for these stakeholders. Small growers earn ≤$25,000 in annual sales over a 3-year period and have an average food sale of less than $500,000. To this end, a survey tool was designed to determine the gaps in small farm growers' food safety knowledge. A total of 29 questions were disseminated to participants at fruit and vegetable conference. The questions included topics such as food safety practices and perceptions, and current and past food safety training experiences. Data from 70 growers was collected and analyzed and the results demonstrated that more than 34% of growers use manure and 51% have domestic animals on the farm premises. Even though more than 51% of participants use bare hands for harvesting, 39% of growers do not provide handwashing facilities for workers, and 46% of the growers do not provide toilet facilities for their workers. Only 25% of the growers surveyed have access to food safety training materials for their employees. The results also showed that 21% of participants have previous food safety training. Furthermore, half of the growers surveyed used soil amendments and approximately 87% did not test irrigation water. About 30% of growers believe that organic produce is safer than conventional produce and 37% believe that organically grown produce has fewer harmful bacteria. Also, > 41% of participants could not recognize the difference between hydroponically grown produce and conventional systems. The results indicated specific areas of opportunity, gaps in resources needed by growers, and lack of food safety training materials. The results of this study will help in the design of targeted and specific food safety training materials for small growers.Clinical and neuropathological staging of Alzheimer disease (AD) neurodegeneration and neuronal loss dynamics is the baseline for identification of treatment targets and timing. The aim of this study of 14 brain regions in 25 subjects diagnosed with AD and 13 age-matched control subjects was to establish the pattern of neurodegeneration, and the severity and rate of neuronal loss in mild cognitive impairment/mild AD (Functional Assessment Staging [FAST] test 3-4), moderate to moderately severe AD (FAST 5-6), and severe AD (FAST 7). The study revealed (1) the most severe neuronal loss in FAST 3-4; (2) the highest rate of neuronal loss in FAST 5-6, to the "critical" point limiting further increase in neuronal loss; (3) progression of neurofibrillary degeneration, but decline of neuronal loss to a floor level in FAST 7; and (4) structure-specific rate of neuronal loss caused by neurofibrillary degeneration and a large pool of neuronal loss caused by other mechanisms. This study defines a range and speed of progression of AD pathology and functional decline that might potentially be prevented by the arrest of neuronal loss, both related and unrelated to neurofibrillary degeneration, during the 9-year duration of mild cognitive impairment/mild AD.Foodborne diseases (FBDs) are burdening countries worldwide. Several countries have successfully implemented policies that establish innovative systems for the inspection and grading of food service establishments (FSEs), which greatly contributes to a reduction in FBDs. China's government has also responded by developing policies to protect consumers' food safety, including the routine inspection policy and the risk-based grading policy. However, the extent of implementation of both policies has been poor to date. The aim of this paper was to identify regulatory challenges and design a smart supervision solution. The results of a national survey showed that the major barriers to policy implementation were a strong individual work intensity, strong business dynamics of FSEs, a lack of a monitoring and evaluation system, a lack of social support, a low development level of FSEs, and a lack of financing. A smart supervision solution to these challenges was designed based on mobile Internet and two-dimensional (2D) barcode technology.