001). HbA1C, FPG, UACR, and urine microalbumin level showed significantly positive correlations with DR severity . Conclusion In patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, 10.53% have DR at initial ophthalmologic examination and high HbA1C, FPG, UACR and urine microalbumin levels. These factors are significantly positively correlated with DR severity. Therefore, more careful fundus examination is needed for newly diagnosed T2DM patients with high HbA1C, FPG, UACR, and urine microalbumin levels.Background High-dose intravenous steroids are the first-line treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe and active Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). We aimed to investigate the response rate of methylprednisolone (MPD) treatment among Korean patients with active moderate-to-severe GO and to identify predictive factors of treatment response. Methods This is a retrospective observational study. We included 54 active moderate-to-severe GO patients treated with 4.5 g intravenous MPD over 12 weeks between November 2011 and November 2018. Response was defined as an improvement in at least two of five indicators (clinical activity score [CAS], soft-tissue involvement, exophthalmos, diplopia, and visual acuity) at immediate and 3 months after treatment completion. We examined predictive factors for response using logistic regression analysis. Results Twenty-four (44.4%) and 22 (40.7%) patients showed response at immediate and 3 months after intravenous (IV) steroid treatment. Of the five ophthalmic parameters, all patients in the responsive group (100.0%) showed a decrease in CAS and 90.9% showed less soft tissue involvement after IV steroid treatment. Among variables, the sum of extraocular muscle width was positively (odds ratio [OR], 1.163; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.973-1.389; P = 0.096) associated with treatment response. While, the OR of age was 0.918 (95% CI, 0.856-0.985; P = 0.017) and thyrotropin binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) was 0.921 (95% CI, 0.864-0.982; P = 0.012). Conclusion In Korean active moderate-to-severe GO patients, intravenous steroid treatment is not as effective as previously reported. Parameters associated with CAS and soft-tissue involvement were found to be influenced by IV MPD treatment. Extraocular muscle enlargement, younger age and lower TBII are predictive factors for a good steroid treatment response.Philadelphia-negative (Ph-) classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis. Somatic driver mutations in the JAK2, CALR, and MPL genes serve as major diagnostic criteria of the Ph- MPNs and these mutations occur in a mutually exclusive manner. In this report, we describe the first case of ET harboring double mutations in JAK2 V617F and MPL. For MPL, the patient had multiple clones of MPL mutations c.1543_1546delinsAGGG (p.Trp515_Gln516delinsArgGlu) and c.1546C>G (p.Gln516Glu). The JAK2 V617F allele burden in our patient is very low (4%) compared to the relatively high (17%-78%) allele frequency of MPL mutations. The low JAK2 mutant burden might be explained by preexisting clonal hematopoiesis before overt signs of MPNs, followed by the acquisition of a second oncogenic mutation of CALR or MPL leading to the MPN phenotype. This highlights that screening for a second driver mutation should be considered in patients with a low JAK2 mutant burden by reporting a 57-year-old Korean man with ET.Background Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have been certified to be the serviceable markers for some paternity cases in the last few years. Methods We presented the gene diversity, haplotypic diversity, and forensic statistical parameters of 340 unrelated Uighur males from Kashi region based on the 27 Y-STRs. Genomic DNA was extracted from bloodstain samples using the Chelex-100 method and amplified by Yfiler® Plus PCR Amplification kit. Results Gene diversity values on the 27 Y-STRs ranged from 0.4749 (at DYS437 locus) to 0.9416 (at DYS385a,b loci). According to forensic parameters of the 27 Y-STR loci, 295 disparate haplotypes were acquired, 258 of which were unique. The haplotypic diversities and discrimination capacities at Yfiler plus 27 loci, Yfiler 17 loci, extended 11 loci, and minimal 9 loci were 0.9990 and 0.8676; 0.9961 and 0.6912; 0.9952 and 0.5941; and 0.9919 and 0.5676, respectively. Multidimensional scaling plot and neighbor-joining tree between the studied Uighur group and 17 reference populations were conducted, and the obtained results indicated the Kashi Uighur group had the closer genetic relationships with Uighur groups living in different regions. Conclusion To sum up, the present study may provide valuable population data and background information of Kashi Uighur group.Background Approximately 10% of female athletes have a history of stress fractures, which most commonly occur between the ages of 16 and 17 years old. Purpose We investigated whether tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), which is a bone resorption marker, can serve as a valid predictor of stress fractures in female athletes in their teens and 20s. Methods Three hundred and sixteen elite female athletes were recruited between 2013 and 2015. Serum TRACP-5b and various hormones were examined in blood samples. The serum TRACP-5b level was compared between athletes with and without stress fractures within 3 months after the initial collection of their blood samples. Results The 316 athletes were divided into two age groups 13-19 years old and 20-29 years old. Thirty-six athletes (11.4%) experienced new stress fractures within 3 months after the initial collection of their blood samples. The median serum TRACP-5b level was significantly higher in teenage athletes with new stress fractures than in teenage athletes without new stress fractures. In univariate logistic regression analysis, the Z-score of serum TRACP-5b was a significant predictive factor of stress fractures in teenage athletes only (odds ratio 1.87; 95% CI 1.31-2.66; P less then 0.0012).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tat-beclin-1-tat-becn1.html  Conclusion For teenage female athletes, TRACP-5b is a predictor of the risk of stress fractures, and measuring TRACP-5b levels may be useful to prevent stress fractures.