https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk2643943a.html 50% of CHD cases occurred in pregnancies not associate with any (fetal or maternal) risk factor. The sensitivity, and specificity for prenatal CHD detection were 91.7% and 100% respectively. Our study indicates that a substantial proportion of CHD cases occur in women not having high risk of giving birth to children with CHD. FE is a highly sensitive and specific test with strong predictive values. We recommend that FE should be done in every pregnancy. Our study indicates that a substantial proportion of CHD cases occur in women not having high risk of giving birth to children with CHD. FE is a highly sensitive and specific test with strong predictive values. We recommend that FE should be done in every pregnancy. Low-flow, low-gradient severe aortic stenosis (LFLGAS) is a common clinical entity and is associated with poor prognosis. Increased left ventricular (LV) afterload is one of the mechanisms contributing to low LV stroke volume index (SVi) in these patients. Aortic stiffness is an important determinant of LV afterload, but no previous study has evaluated its relationship with LVSVi in patients with AS. Fifty-seven patients (mean age 66±8 years, 71.9% men) with severe AS [aortic valve area (AVA)<1.0cm ] undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) were included in this study. Echocardiographic parameters of AS were correlated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of aortic stiffness, derived using PeriScope® device. Mean AVA was 0.63±0.17cm with mean and peak transvalvular gradient 56.5±18.8mmHg and 83.2±25.2mmHg, respectively. Nearly half (26 of 57, 45.6%) of the subjects had SVi <35mL/m , indicative of low-flow severe AS. These subjects had lower AVA, lower aortic valve gradient, and LV ejection fraction. CfPWV was numerically lower in these subjects [median 1467 (interquartile range 978, 2259) vs 1588 (1106, 2167)] but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.66). Howeve