During the discovery of ColoRectal Cancer (CRC), 20% to 30% of patients have synchronous liver metastases. Ten to 30% of patients have non-evidence of Liver Metasteses (LM) following preoperative imaging such as Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CE-US), multi-slice Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CE-CT), Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CE-MRI), and Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT). Today, IntraOperative UltraSound (IOUS) in open surgery and Laparoscopic UltraSound (LUS) in laparoscopic or robotic surgery are considered the "gold standard" for detecting liver metastases. The object of this review is to demonstrate the higher sensitivity and specificity of IOUS and LUS in the detection rate of liver metastases.At the end of 2019, a new viral pandemic evolution totaly surprised all services worldwide. This pandemic hit has a huge interference with three global crises governance, economics, and migration (1). It is a new coronavirus infection, "COVID-19" (which is the acronym of "coronavirus disease 2019"), first reported to the WHO Country Office in China on the 31st of December 2019 and detected in Wuhan, the largest metropolitan area in China's Hubei province (2), COVID-19 outbreak situation on 6 April 2020 was with more than 1 175 000 confirmed cases, more than 65 000 deaths and already reported in 209 countries (3). This new coronavirus belongs to the Orthocoronavirinae subfamily of the Coronaviridae family (order Nidovirales) and it is a positive-stranded RNA virus with a crown-like appearance under an electron microscope, SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the beta CoVs human category. It is sensitive to ultraviolet rays and heat and is inactivated by lipid solvents including ether (75%), ethanol, chlorine-containing disinfectant, peroxyacetic acid and chloroform (except for chlorhexidine) (4) Genomic analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 probably evolved from a strain found in bats. The mammalian host between bats and humans is not well known; also, it is not certain whether this intermediary really exists (5). The pathogenic mechanism inducing pneumonia is complex.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jh-x-119-01.html  The virus is capable of producing an excessive immune reaction in the host; for some patients, the disaster starts from a 'cytokine storm' with tissue damage (one of the protagonists is IL6) (6).Introduction This study was aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of containing glucose tolerance factor (GTF) from Brewer's yeast in improving glycaemic control in diabetic rats and lowering some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disorders. Methodology The study used Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 150-200 g. Animals were randomly (n=6) divided into eight groups as normal control, normal control receiving Brewer's yeast, diabetic, Brewer's yeast receiving diabetic, Metformin-treated diabetic, and Glimepiride-treated diabetic, and two diabetic groups treated with Brewer's yeast and 50% of the Metformin and Glimepiride doses, respectively. To induce diabetes, Streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally to all rats, except control group rats. Body weight (weekly), food intake (every day), blood glucose, and lipid profile (initially and at the end of the study) were assessed for four weeks in all groups. Results Brewer's yeast administration significantly decreased blood glucose levels and prevented reduction in body weight, increased food intake and alterations in the lipid profile compared to untreated groups, and were comparable to the groups treated with standard drugs. Conclusion Results of this study showed that oral administration of Brewer's yeast extract might be an excellent alternative antidiabetic agent which could be also useful in reducing the required dose of standard antidiabetic agents when combined.Introduction Nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infections are one of the most important issues in patients' health and safety. They result in prolonged stay and emerging disabilities among patients, increased antibiotic resistance, increased mortality, and elevated health care costs for both individual patients and healthcare system. Given that the transmission of pathogens in the hospital environment is usually done through contaminated hands of health care employees, hand hygiene observation is effective in preventing nosocomial infections. Research performed in various countries has shown a variety of reasons for non-compliance with hand hygiene such as poor knowledge about this issue and lack of positive attitude towards it. For this purpose, a study designed by us in 2018-2019 aimed to determine the hand hygiene related knowledge, attitude and perception of nurses working in intensive care units of treatment educational centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methodology The present research was a dANOVA and independent T tests), tables related to the comparisons and correlations were provided. Results Of all nursing employees who participated in the study, 56.6% had good knowledge of hand hygiene, 71.3% an impartial or neutral attitude towards this practice and 64.5% a high perception of it. A statistically significant relationship was obtained between knowledge and education (P=0.029), perception and age range (P=0.002), work experience (P=0.029), and ward of workplace (P=0.014). Conclusion Structured, regular and continuous educational programs with various and effective methods to maintain, promote and remove nursing employees' deficit of knowledge should continue more seriously. It is also necessary to identify the factors affecting the promotion of positive perception and attitude among nursing employees about hand hygiene.Statement of the problem The presence of a metal object such as dental implants in the scan field may cause artifacts on the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, which can reduce the diagnostic quality and accuracy of images. Purpose The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the severity of implant-induced metal artifacts on CBCT images. Materials and method To this end, a dry human mandible and a maxilla were selected, then two Roxolid and two Zirconium fixtures with different diameters were placed in the central incisor and first molar sockets and fixed with dental wax. The mandible and maxilla were placed in the simulated phantom for soft tissue, and the occlusal plane was adjusted parallel to the horizon. Images were taken at standard and high resolutions using two CBCT units. The CBCT gray values were measured in three longitudinal sections of the fixture (cervical, middle and apical) and the contrast noise ratio (CNR) was calculated. The CNR values of images were analyzed based on the fixture material, resolution, jaw, unit parameters and fixture size by using the paired t-test and different fixture sections by one-way ANOVA.