The treatment is poorly codified and the subject of few publications. It will favour both symptomatic treatment (and mainly that of pain) and complications (high blood pressure, renal insufficiency). The aetiological support remains less consensual. The treatment of atherosclerotic plaques consists, of course, in the correction of classical cardiovascular risk factors, the introduction of a statin. It will be discussed in the implementation of surgery or angioplasty to exclude potentially responsible atherosclerotic lesions. Eviction of antithrombotic therapy should be considered in terms of the benefit-risk balance, but often in favour of maintaining it. Finally, other treatments may be proposed in a case-by-case basis, such as oral or intravenous corticosteroid therapy, colchicine or LDL aphaeresis. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and neuropsychiatric symptoms. METHODS Data from two large cohort studies, the Dutch Parelsnoer Institute - Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative was used, including subjects with subjective cognitive decline (N = 650), mild cognitive impairment (N = 887), and Alzheimer's disease dementia (N = 626). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ42, t-tau, p-tau, and hippocampal volume were associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms (measured with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory) using multiple logistic regression analyses. The effect of the Mini-Mental State Examination (as proxy for cognitive functioning) on these relationships was assessed with mediation analyses. RESULTS Alzheimer's disease biomarkers were not associated with depression, agitation, irritability, and sleep disturbances. Lower levels of CSF Aβ42, higher levels of t- and p-tau were associated with presence of anxiety. Lower levels of CSF Aβ42 and smaller hippocampal volumes were associated with presence of apathy. All associations were mediated by cognitive functioning. CONCLUSION The association between Alzheimer's disease pathology and anxiety and apathy is partly due to impairment in cognitive functioning. BACKGROUND Behavioral Indicators of Infant Pain scale (BIIP) has been shown to be a good tool to assess pain in infants. AIMS This paper aimed to translate BIIP into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity for neonates in China. DESIGN A prospective observational study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 396 neonates (preterm and term infants) were recruited from neonatal intensive care units in China from July to October 2016. METHODS The BIIP was translated and adjusted for semantic adaption.396 neonates were assessed during 3 phases of blood collection from an artery/vein. A video camera was positioned for a close-up view of the face and body. The neonates' pain was rated independently by 2 nurses who were trained and familiar with the Chinese version of BIIP (C-BIIP)and FLACC (Facial expression, Legs, Activity, Crying and Consolability). RESULTS The internal consistency were 0.904 (preterm) and 0.895 (term).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/vorapaxar.html  The test-retest reliability were 0.947 (preterm) and 0.938 (term) and the interclass correlation coefficients were 0.921 to 0.959 (preterm) and 0.921 to 0.959 (term). The correlations between the C-BIIP and FLACC were high (preterm r = 0.948, term r = 0.896). Using the C-BIIP, the 3 phases of blood collection were found to be statistically different (preterm F = 635.76, term F = 675.54; P less then 0.001), which showed that the construct validity of C-BIIP was good. CONCLUSION The BIIP is a reliable and valid tool to assess pain in term and preterm neonates in China. INTRODUCTION Despite many advances in burn care, the development of extremity contracture remains a common and vexing problem. Extremity contractures have been documented in up to one third of severely burned patients at discharge. However, little is known about the long-term impact of these contractures. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of extremity contractures with employment after burn injury. METHODS We obtained data from the Burn Model System database from 1994 to 2003. We included in the study cohort all adult patients who were working prior to injury and identified those discharged with and without a contracture in one of the major extremity joints (shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle). We classified contracture severity according to mild, moderate and severe categories. We performed descriptive analyses and predictive modeling to identify injury and patient factors associated with return to work (RTW) at 6, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS A total of 1,203 participant record 12 and 24 months after burn injury. Among many other identified patient, injury, and hospitalization related factors that are barriers to RTW, the presence of a contracture at discharge adds a significant reintegration burden for working-age burn patients. BACKGROUND Phyllanthusfraternus is a pantropical weed of family phyllanthaceae, mainly found in northeast India. It has been used in the folklore medicine of Manipur tribe for treating type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE The present study was commenced to evaluate the anti-diabetic and renoprotective potential of P.fraternus (aerial parts) in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alloxan (130 mg/kg, ip) was used for the induction of diabetes in adult male wistar rats. Animals with blood glucose level greater than 280 mg/dL were treated once daily for 14 days with various test extracts. The biochemical parameters were measured from serum on the 15th day post-treatment. Necropsy samples harvested from pancreas and kidneys were examined for histopathological changes in these organs. RESULTS Alloxan-induced diabetes not only caused significant increases in blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, creatinine and urea levels, but also provoked high oxidative stress in pancreas and kidneys. Profoundy activities in the pancreas and kidneys. BACKGROUND Repeated failure to rescue the damaged retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) by various drugs has warranted the need to screen common herbal compounds available in the form of various eye formulations for their efficacy. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of pretreatment with aqueous extract of A. cepa in Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) induced retinal injury. METHODS Ischemia was induced for 2 h by pterygopalatine artery (PPA) ligation in C57BL/6J mice, followed by reperfusion. The neuroprotective role of oral pretreatment with aqueous extract of A. cepa (300 mg/kg) was analyzed with respect to control and injury only group at 7, 14, and 28 day after the surgery for expression of different genes in the retina by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS Molecular analysis at different time points showed increased expression of BCl-2, GDNF, GFAP, and Brn3b in the retina at 14 and 28 day after A. cepa treatment in comparison to the injury alone group. However, at shorter time point (7th day), the expression of these genes was pronounced in the injury only group in comparison to the injury and pretreated group.