Urologists below 35-year-old agreed, to a larger extent, that telemedicine saves them more time and is simple to use than urologists from other age groups.
 
  During the COVID-19 pandemic, most urologists adopted telemedicine technology rapidly. Adopting telemedicine in the future could have multiple advantages. However, the limitations of telemedicine should be respected in order to avoid compromising patient safety.
 During the COVID-19 pandemic, most urologists adopted telemedicine technology rapidly. Adopting telemedicine in the future could have multiple advantages. However, the limitations of telemedicine should be respected in order to avoid compromising patient safety.The first year of life is punctuated by explosions of growth in motor and language abilities. This is not a coincidence. The notion of developmental cascades provides a conceptual framework for considering ways in which advances in one component of a developing system can exert far-reaching and lasting change in other domains. In this article, I review evidence for the cascading effects of early motor advances on the developing communication and language system and describe how variability in the timing of these advances may alter the nature of these effects.For many low-income Medicare beneficiaries, Medicaid provides important supplemental insurance that covers out-of-pocket costs and additional benefits. We examine whether Medicaid participation by low-income adults age 65 and up increased as a result of Medicaid expansions to working-age adults under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Previous literature documents so-called "welcome mat" effects in other populations but has not explicitly studied older persons dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. We extend this literature by estimating models of Medicaid participation among persons age 65 and up using American Community Survey data from 2010 to 2017 and state variation in ACA Medicaid expansions. We find that Medicaid expansions to working-age adults increased Medicaid participation among low-income older adults by 1.8 percentage points (4.4 percent). We also find evidence of an "on-ramp" effect; that is, low-income Medicare beneficiaries residing in expansion states who were young enough to gain coverage under the 2014 ACA Medicaid expansions before aging into Medicare were 4 percentage points (9.5 percent) more likely to have dual Medicaid coverage relative to similar individuals who either turned 65 before the 2014 expansions or resided in non-expansion states. This on-ramp effect is an important mechanism behind welcome mat effects among some older adults.A previously well 34-year-old man presented with severe pseudotumour cerebri. Imaging showed that he had a cauda equina tumour which proved to be a medulloblastoma. There was no tumour mass in the posterior fossa so we assume that this was a primary leptomeningeal medulloblastoma. In patients with somewhat atypical pseudotumour, spinal imaging should always be considered.Invasive fungal sinusitis can lead to dramatic complications in immunocompromised patients and requires prompt diagnosis. Here we report three cases with ophthalmological complications secondary to invasive fungal sinusitis in immunocompromised patients. From an ophthalmological point of view, these cases illustrate different clinical presentations, evolutions, complications, treatments, prognoses, and highlight different pathophysiological mechanisms. Diagnoses were delayed in all cases. In none of the cases did patients recover better vision than counting fingers at 24 months follow up, and two patients died. This case series highlights key points useful for quickly recognising this highly morbid infection in immunocompromised patients.Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of aggressive neoplasms. The involvement of ocular structures in haematological neoplasms is rare and usually associated with central nervous system involvement, which may occur as a result of orbital invasion and optic nerve infiltration. In this case report, we describe ocular findings using the novel swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in a case of aggressive T-cell lymphoma.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/icfsp1.html  SS-OCT has faster scanning speed, deeper tissue penetration due to its longer wavelength laser of 1050 nm and wider scanning areas. In the present case, SS-OCT was helpful in documenting increased retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and prelaminar protrusion associated with visual loss in a patient with an aggressive T-cell lymphoma.Radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) is a rare disease caused by exposure of the optic nerves to radiation during radiotherapy procedures for head and neck tumours. The purpose of this study was to review and summarise the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentations, pathphysiology characteristics, diagnosis, and management of RION. Its occurrence is associated with cumulative doses of radiation above 50 Gy, presence of multi-morbidities and the presence of concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It manifests with acute, painless, and monocular loss of vision, and these symptoms appear late after the radiation exposure. The diagnosis of the disease occurs by exclusion and, mainly, by the clinical analysis of the case associated with the time of radiation exposure. Treatment does not seem promising and there is not an effective cure. In this review, we mainly focus on compiling existing information on the topic and providing knowledge for early diagnosis and more efficient treatment.Reporting generalisable data across stroke populations is important. We aimed to evaluate the Impact of Visual Impairment after Stroke (IVIS) visual assessment protocol in a different UK geographical area. This was a single-centre acute stroke unit, prospective study (IVIS-extension (IVIS-e) study) with comparison to a multi-centre acute stroke cohort (IVIS study). Orthoptists reviewed all stroke survivors with a standardised assessment of visual acuity, visual fields, ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual inattention and visual perception including a standardised follow-up strategy. 123 stroke survivors underwent visual screening 42% women, 58% men, mean age 63.6 years and 86% ischaemic strokes. Ethnicity consisted of 68.3% white British and 28.5% being Pakistani, Indian, Caribbean, Bangladeshi, Black and Chinese. Two died and 28 could not be assessed. Of the 93 remaining, 10 stroke survivors (10.8%) had a normal visual assessment and 83 (89.2%) had visual impairments detected. Fifty-seven stroke survivors were assessed at their first orthoptic visit within 3 days of stroke onset; the remainder being assessed at subsequent orthoptic visits to the stroke unit.